8967d56ee2b1fc449fe8a7a9a17e1d11 nanomaterials-15-01264.pdf 70c41eb8ccc14244c648fe90b8d69100c0595ef0 nanomaterials-15-01264.pdf 1902424875ebf8f8dee2a1ba63dc2624893adbcfc8e666c80789e623a9baad67 nanomaterials-15-01264.pdf Title: Enhancing the Selectivity of Nitroso-R-Salt for the Determination of Co(II) in Lithium Bioleaching Recovery of Smartphone Batteries Using a Combinatorial Methodology Approach Subject: The selectivity of the colorimetric method for Co(II) determination using the nitroso-R-salt (NRS) in samples with complex matrices has been improved. Interferences caused by Cu(II), Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), Al(III) and Ni(II) ions, which were present in the bioleach ate of lithium-ion batteries, have been solved through the sequential addition of masking agents: acetate, fluoride, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and strong acids (H2SO4). The absorbance of the NRS-Co(II) complex was typically measured at 525 nm, but it was also studied at 550 nm due to minimal interferences observed at 550 nm. The sequence of the masking agent’s addition showed a significant influence on the interference effect. The optimal sequence was sample, acetate–acetic acid buffer solution with dissolved fluoride, NRS, EDTA and H2SO4. The proposed method demonstrated robust performance at 550 nm, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) around 2%, and good accuracy (RV% around 100%). The limit of detection (LoD) was 0.1 mg L-1 and the limit of quantification (LoQ) was 0.3 mg L-1. The linear range extended up to 15 mg L-1 (R2 = 0.998). Real samples analyzed using the optimized method showed no significant differences when compared to results from atomic absorption spectroscopy, confirming its reliability. Keywords: Co(II); cobalt; nitroso-R-salt; combinatory analysis; batteries; bioleachate; leachate; UV-vis spectrophotometry Author: David Ricart, Antonio David Dorado, Mireia Baeza and Conxita Lao-Luque Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25; modified using OpenPDF 1.4.2 CreationDate: Sat Aug 16 10:19:52 2025 CEST ModDate: Sat Aug 16 10:28:07 2025 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 25 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1246921 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- QCDAVW+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 183 0 PSWGUI+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 184 0 ALGJYD+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 185 0 GDBCAT+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 186 0 IUTLSA+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 187 0 VVSYYB+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 309 0 IGJCOV+EURB10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 458 0 FIIAOI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 452 0 FIIAOG+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 453 0 FIIFIE+TimesNewRoman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 454 0 FIIAOI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 491 0 FIIAOI+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 539 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-09-16 03:09:06 CEST RepresentationInformation: nanomaterials-15-01264.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-09-15 14:25:54 CEST Size: 1246921 Format: PDF Version: 1.5 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 678 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: true CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Item: Title: Chemicals and Methods Children: Item: Title: Chemicals, Reagents and Equipment Item: Title: Interference Study Children: Item: Title: Experimentation of Each Reagent Separately Item: Title: Combinatorial Experimentation to Inferences Studies Item: Title: Validation of Method Item: Title: Results and Discussion Children: Item: Title: Examination of Individual Reagents Children: Item: Title: Nitroso-R-Salt Item: Title: Strong Acids and pH-Dependency Item: Title: Hydroxylamine Item: Title: Acetate Item: Title: Fluoride Item: Title: EDTA Item: Title: Combined Use of Acetate and Fluoride Item: Title: Study of Cu(II) Interferences Children: Item: Title: Combinatory Results Item: Title: Effect of Reactant Concentrations Item: Title: Study of Fe(III) Interferences Item: Title: Absorbance Spectrum of Metal–NRS Complexes Item: Title: Study of Fe(II) Interferences Item: Title: Study to Remove Turbidity from Fe(OH)3 and Al(OH)3 Item: Title: Optimal Method Item: Title: Method Validation Children: Item: Title: Repeatability Item: Title: Analysis of Real Samples Item: Title: Accuracy Item: Title: Lineal Range Item: Title: Limit of Detection and Limit of Quantification Item: Title: Conclusions Item: Title: References Info: Title: Enhancing the Selectivity of Nitroso-R-Salt for the Determination of Co(II) in Lithium Bioleaching Recovery of Smartphone Batteries Using a Combinatorial Methodology Approach Author: David Ricart, Antonio David Dorado, Mireia Baeza and Conxita Lao-Luque Subject: The selectivity of the colorimetric method for Co(II) determination using the nitroso-R-salt (NRS) in samples with complex matrices has been improved. Interferences caused by Cu(II), Fe(II), Fe(III), Mn(II), Al(III) and Ni(II) ions, which were present in the bioleach ate of lithium-ion batteries, have been solved through the sequential addition of masking agents: acetate, fluoride, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), and strong acids (H2SO4). The absorbance of the NRS-Co(II) complex was typically measured at 525 nm, but it was also studied at 550 nm due to minimal interferences observed at 550 nm. The sequence of the masking agent’s addition showed a significant influence on the interference effect. The optimal sequence was sample, acetate–acetic acid buffer solution with dissolved fluoride, NRS, EDTA and H2SO4. The proposed method demonstrated robust performance at 550 nm, with a relative standard deviation (RSD) around 2%, and good accuracy (RV% around 100%). The limit of detection (LoD) was 0.1 mg L-1 and the limit of quantification (LoQ) was 0.3 mg L-1. The linear range extended up to 15 mg L-1 (R2 = 0.998). Real samples analyzed using the optimized method showed no significant differences when compared to results from atomic absorption spectroscopy, confirming its reliability. Keywords: Co(II); cobalt; nitroso-R-salt; combinatory analysis; batteries; bioleachate; leachate; UV-vis spectrophotometry Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25; modified using OpenPDF 1.4.2 CreationDate: Sat Aug 16 10:19:52 CEST 2025 ModDate: Sat Aug 16 10:28:07 CEST 2025 ID: 0x9139dbd832ea480d668d89c7e1f5ea4d, 0xe49f77fc8fbffef79b1076c935a1fe7b Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: VVSYYB+EURM10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 11 LastChar: 22 FontDescriptor: FontName: VVSYYB+EURM10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -32, -243, 1060, 720 FontFile: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: QCDAVW+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 243 FontDescriptor: FontName: QCDAVW+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: PSWGUI+CMSY10 FontSubset: true FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 25 FontDescriptor: FontName: PSWGUI+CMSY10 Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: 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