8c3853de51c09a667895f0fb83d2f0fe LIF_a2025v15p197.pdf 3407d52bdfd32e871dfcf9c30403bfd0512f85d9 LIF_a2025v15p197.pdf 151e9cb04b1e6047546118a4093d5d8ce8ef871c4c5bd647ba84fbba5a5107f3 LIF_a2025v15p197.pdf Title: Use of Live Biopreservatives and Bacteriophages to Enhance the Safety of Meat Products Subject: Critical health considerations for both raw and processed meats include addressing bacterial spoilage and ensuring safety. Nitrites and nitrates are widely used in the meat industry to enhance color and flavor and extend shelf life. However, health concerns linked to their use make reducing nitrites and nitrates in meat production a significant challenge with potential benefits for both the food industry and consumer health. This challenge has been addressed with the use of biopreservatives, i.e., substances extracted from natural sources or produced by fermentation that can enhance food quality and safety. In this article, we assess the use of live biopreservatives (LBs), defined here as microorganisms that produce antimicrobial substances that can be used to preserve and extend the shelf life of food. Moreover, the potential synergistic effects of LBs with bacteriophages and biodegradable food packaging for meat is also explored. This innovative combination offers a comprehensive approach to meat preservation, enhancing both microbial control and sustainability. Overall, the inclusion of LBs extends the shelf life of meat products through bacteriostatic mechanisms, whereas bacteriophages offer direct (lytic) action against pathogens. Enhancing meat preservation and safety with mixed microbe-mediated strategies requires deeper empirical and theoretical insights and further revision of laws and ethical considerations. Keywords: live biopreservatives; bacteriophages; lactic acid bacteria; meat safety; nitrites; bacteriocins; natural antimicrobials; biodegradable food packaging; foodborne pathogens; environmental microbes; microevolutionary models; interaction models Author: Cristina Rodríguez-Marca, Cristina Domenech-Coca, Miho Nakamura, Nàdia Ortega-Olivé and Pere Puigbò Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Fri Feb 7 05:20:27 2025 CET ModDate: Fri Feb 7 05:27:13 2025 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 14 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1180202 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- KGSVEK+VnURWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 KUTYHD+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 SDKREL+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 UWJFBR+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 MIKRSI+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 32 0 CZZZZZ+Roboto-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 97 0 DZZZZZ+Roboto-Regular CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 102 0 MCNNEP+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 204 0 MCNNFA+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 207 0 MCNNFB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 213 0 MCNNFD+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 216 0 MCNNLB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 219 0 OYOQRE+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 226 0 UWFYLO+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 231 0 UZKIAN+CMEX10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 239 0 GIGFZE+CMR10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 244 0 SGLHSU+PazoMath-Italic Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 249 0 QIELJB+CMMI10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 254 0 CZZZZZ+Roboto-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 290 0 DZZZZZ+Roboto-Regular CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 295 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-10-30 04:14:32 CET RepresentationInformation: LIF_a2025v15p197.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-10-29 10:40:51 CET Size: 1180202 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 635 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Antimicrobial Innovations Destination: section.2 Item: Title: Use of Biopreservatives to Enhance Food Quality and Safety Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Live Biopreservatives (LBs) Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Lactic Acid Bacteria to Enhance Meat Product Safety Destination: section.5 Item: Title: Bacteriophages to Enhance Food Safety Destination: section.6 Item: Title: Biodegradable Food Packaging for Meat Products Destination: section.7 Item: Title: Future Perspectives Destination: section.8 Children: Item: Title: Scaling Up: Use of LAB and Bacteriocins in Real Meat Products Destination: subsection.8.1 Item: Title: Computational Models for Assessing the Use of LBs and Bacteriophages Destination: subsection.8.2 Item: Title: Assessment of the Potential Impact of LBs on Antimicrobial Resistance Destination: subsection.8.3 Item: Title: Uses of LBs and Bacteriophages with Biodegradable Packaging for Meat Destination: subsection.8.4 Item: Title: Socioeconomic Implications of LBs and Bacteriophages Destination: subsection.8.5 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.9 Item: Title: References Destination: section.10 Info: Title: Use of Live Biopreservatives and Bacteriophages to Enhance the Safety of Meat Products Author: Cristina Rodríguez-Marca, Cristina Domenech-Coca, Miho Nakamura, Nàdia Ortega-Olivé and Pere Puigbò Subject: Critical health considerations for both raw and processed meats include addressing bacterial spoilage and ensuring safety. Nitrites and nitrates are widely used in the meat industry to enhance color and flavor and extend shelf life. However, health concerns linked to their use make reducing nitrites and nitrates in meat production a significant challenge with potential benefits for both the food industry and consumer health. This challenge has been addressed with the use of biopreservatives, i.e., substances extracted from natural sources or produced by fermentation that can enhance food quality and safety. In this article, we assess the use of live biopreservatives (LBs), defined here as microorganisms that produce antimicrobial substances that can be used to preserve and extend the shelf life of food. Moreover, the potential synergistic effects of LBs with bacteriophages and biodegradable food packaging for meat is also explored. This innovative combination offers a comprehensive approach to meat preservation, enhancing both microbial control and sustainability. Overall, the inclusion of LBs extends the shelf life of meat products through bacteriostatic mechanisms, whereas bacteriophages offer direct (lytic) action against pathogens. Enhancing meat preservation and safety with mixed microbe-mediated strategies requires deeper empirical and theoretical insights and further revision of laws and ethical considerations. 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