71c5746425fa64beb9a2ec8b13c82136 321076.pdf 77ba0bf80a66558374faa9c025925703f4f7af7d 321076.pdf 67a2d318bace13c588eccb281f1a9081638aaed90109bcc1079313408da38f5b 321076.pdf Title: Environmental and health effects of the Barcelona superblocks Subject: BMC Public Health, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21835-z Keywords: Program evaluation;Quality of life;City planning;Health determinants;Health in all policies Author: Katherine Pérez Creator: Adobe InDesign 15.1 (Windows) Producer: Adobe PDF Library 15.0; modified using iText® 5.3.5 ©2000-2012 1T3XT BVBA (SPRINGER SBM; licensed version) CreationDate: Mon Feb 17 02:39:47 2025 CET ModDate: Mon Feb 17 05:45:27 2025 CET Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 790.866 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 1678124 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.4 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- MyriadPro-Regular Type 1C Custom yes no yes 32 0 MyriadPro-Bold Type 1C WinAnsi yes no yes 48 0 MyriadPro-It Type 1C Custom yes no yes 34 0 MyriadPro-Regular2 Type 1C WinAnsi yes no no 211 0 MyriadPro-Light Type 1C Custom yes no yes 49 0 WarnockPro-Regular Type 1C Custom yes no yes 33 0 MyriadPro-Semibold Type 1C Custom yes no yes 47 0 MyriadPro-Regular3 Type 1C WinAnsi yes no yes 170 0 MHCUWV+STIX-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 80 0 MyriadPro-SemiboldIt Type 1C Custom yes no yes 81 0 WarnockPro-Light Type 1C Custom yes no yes 137 0 BVHATR+STIXMath-Regular Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 162 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-11-06 04:27:19 CET RepresentationInformation: 321076.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-11-05 13:56:58 CET Size: 1678124 Format: PDF Version: 1.4 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 319 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseOutlines Language: en-US Outlines: Item: Title: Environmental and health effects of the Barcelona superblocks Children: Item: Title: Abstract Children: Item: Title: Background Item: Title: Methods Item: Title: Results Item: Title: Conclusions Item: Title: Introduction Item: Title: Methods Children: Item: Title: Health survey Item: Title: Environmental measures of air quality Item: Title: The Microscale Audit of Urban Landscapes for Pedestrians (MAPS) Item: Title: Qualitative studies Item: Title: Physical activity—Observing Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) Item: Title: Results Children: Item: Title: Effects by each outcome Children: Item: Title: Air pollution Item: Title: Use of spaces Item: Title: Physical activity Item: Title: Health and quality of life Item: Title: Specific effects of each superblock Children: Item: Title: Horta Item: Title: Sant Antoni Item: Title: Poblenou Item: Title: Discussion Children: Item: Title: Strengths and limitations Item: Title: Lessons learned Item: Title: Conclusions Children: Item: Title: Policy recommendations Item: Title: Acknowledgements Item: Title: References Info: Title: Environmental and health effects of the Barcelona superblocks Author: Katherine Pérez Subject: BMC Public Health, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21835-z Keywords: Program evaluation;Quality of life;City planning;Health determinants;Health in all policies Creator: Adobe InDesign 15.1 (Windows) Producer: Adobe PDF Library 15.0; modified using iText® 5.3.5 ©2000-2012 1T3XT BVBA (SPRINGER SBM; licensed version) CreationDate: Mon Feb 17 02:39:47 CET 2025 ModDate: Mon Feb 17 05:45:27 CET 2025 ID: 0x190298e9b316d49cb758576d5e7192a2, 0x554c0673066410f48e5ac123064b1bcb Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode FilterPipeline: DCTDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 39 ImageHeight: 40 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Decode: 0, 255 Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 42 ImageHeight: 77 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Decode: 0, 255 Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 82 ImageHeight: 84 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Decode: 0, 255 Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 39 ImageHeight: 75 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Decode: 0, 255 Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 40 ImageHeight: 77 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Decode: 0, 255 Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1946 ImageHeight: 1376 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 1947 ImageHeight: 1377 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/png ImageWidth: 1100 ImageHeight: 90 ColorSpace: black is zero BitsPerSample: 1 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Filter: FlateDecode Intent: RelativeColorimetric Name: X Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-Bold FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-Bold Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -163, -250, 1256, 989 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-Regular FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-Regular Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -157, -250, 1126, 952 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MHCUWV+STIX-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 31 LastChar: 32 FontDescriptor: FontName: MHCUWV+STIX-Regular Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -970, -486, 2208, 1023 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: WarnockPro-Regular FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: WarnockPro-Regular Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -177, -533, 1474, 950 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-Light FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-Light Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -49, -250, 1046, 883 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-SemiboldIt FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-SemiboldIt Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -193, -250, 1164, 972 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-It FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-It Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -185, -250, 1090, 953 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: BVHATR+STIXMath-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 174 FontDescriptor: FontName: BVHATR+STIXMath-Regular Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -970, -524, 3238, 2566 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-Regular2 FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-Regular2 Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -157, -250, 1126, 952 FontFile3: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding Font: BaseFont: WarnockPro-Light FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: WarnockPro-Light Flags: Serif, Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -175, -515, 1437, 929 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MyriadPro-Semibold FirstChar: 0 LastChar: 255 FontDescriptor: FontName: MyriadPro-Semibold Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -161, -250, 1198, 972 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true XMP: 2025-02-17T09:39:47+08:00 Adobe InDesign 15.1 (Windows) 2025-02-17T05:45:27+01:00 2025-02-17T05:45:27+01:00 Adobe PDF Library 15.0; modified using iText® 5.3.5 ©2000-2012 1T3XT BVBA (SPRINGER SBM; licensed version) Program evaluation;Quality of life;City planning;Health determinants;Health in all policies False application/pdf https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21835-z BioMed Central BMC Public Health, https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21835-z Program evaluation Quality of life City planning Health determinants Health in all policies Environmental and health effects of the Barcelona superblocks Katherine Pérez Laia Palència Maria José López Brenda Biaani León-Gómez Anna M. Puig Anna Gómez Mark Nieuwenhuijsen Glòria Carrasco Carme Borrell 10.1186/s12889-025-21835-z 2010-04-23 true springer.com springerlink.com https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-025-21835-z 10.1186/s12889-025-21835-z 1471-2458 journal BMC Public Health The Author(s) 2010-04-23 true 10.1186/s12889-025-21835-z noindex springer.com springerlink.com uuid:b9ab0b06-390d-4187-a010-9dcf52e166f4 uuid:8d022bf3-cc91-42e9-99bf-5783d44082aa default 1 converted uuid:b9ab0b06-390d-4187-a010-9dcf52e166f4 converted to PDF/A-2b pdfToolbox 2025-02-17T01:46:35Z 2 B http://ns.adobe.com/pdfx/1.3/ pdfx Adobe Document Info PDF eXtension Schema external Mirrors crossmark:MajorVersionDate CrossmarkMajorVersionDate Text external Mirrors crossmark:CrossmarkDomainExclusive CrossmarkDomainExclusive Text internal Mirrors crossmark:DOI doi Text external Mirrors crossmark:CrosMarkDomains CrossMarkDomains seq Text internal A name object indicating whether the document has been modified to include trapping information robots Text internal ID of PDF/X standard GTS_PDFXVersion Text internal Conformance level of PDF/X standard GTS_PDFXConformance Text internal Company creating the PDF Company Text internal Date when document was last modified SourceModified Text http://crossref.org/crossmark/1.0/ crossmark Crossmark Schema internal Usual same as prism:doi DOI Text external The date when a publication was publishe. MajorVersionDate Text internal CrossmarkDomainExclusive CrossmarkDomainExclusive Text internal CrossMarkDomains CrossMarkDomains seq Text http://prismstandard.org/namespaces/basic/2.0/ prism Prism Schema external This element provides the url for an article or unit of content. The attribute platform is optionally allowed for situations in which multiple URLs must be specified. PRISM recommends that a subset of the PCV platform values, namely “mobile” and “web”, be used in conjunction with this element. NOTE: PRISM recommends against the use of the #other value allowed in the PRISM Platform controlled vocabulary. In lieu of using #other please reach out to the PRISM group at prism-wg@yahoogroups.com to request addition of your term to the Platform Controlled Vocabulary. url URI external The Digital Object Identifier for the article. The DOI may also be used as the dc:identifier. If used as a dc:identifier, the URI form should be captured, and the bare identifier should also be captured using prism:doi. If an alternate unique identifier is used as the required dc:identifier, then the DOI should be specified as a bare identifier within prism:doi only. If the URL associated with a DOI is to be specified, then prism:url may be used in conjunction with prism:doi in order to provide the service endpoint (i.e. the URL). doi Text external ISSN for an electronic version of the issue in which the resource occurs. Permits publishers to include a second ISSN, identifying an electronic version of the issue in which the resource occurs (therefore e(lectronic)Issn. If used, prism:eIssn MUST contain the ISSN of the electronic version. issn Text internal Volume number volume Text internal Issue number number Text internal Starting page startingPage Text internal Ending page endingPage Text external The aggregation type specifies the unit of aggregation for a content collection. Comment PRISM recommends that the PRISM Aggregation Type Controlled Vocabulary be used to provide values for this element. Note: PRISM recommends against the use of the #other value currently allowed in this controlled vocabulary. In lieu of using #other please reach out to the PRISM group at info@prismstandard.org to request addition of your term to the Aggregation Type Controlled Vocabulary. aggregationType Text external Title of the magazine, or other publication, in which a resource was/will be published. Typically this will be used to provide the name of the magazine an article appeared in as metadata for the article, along with information such as the article title, the publisher, volume, number, and cover date. Note: Publication name can be used to differentiate between a print magazine and the online version if the names are different such as “magazine” and “magazine.com.” publicationName Text external Copyright copyright Text http://ns.adobe.com/pdf/1.3/ pdf Adobe PDF Schema internal A name object indicating whether the document has been modified to include trapping information Trapped Text http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/mm/ xmpMM XMP Media Management Schema internal UUID based identifier for specific incarnation of a document InstanceID URI internal The common identifier for all versions and renditions of a document. DocumentID URI internal The common identifier for all versions and renditions of a document. OriginalDocumentID URI internal A reference to the original document from which this one is derived. It is a minimal reference; missing components can be assumed to be unchanged. For example, a new version might only need to specify the instance ID and version number of the previous version, or a rendition might only need to specify the instance ID and rendition class of the original. DerivedFrom ResourceRef Identifies a portion of a document. This can be a position at which the document has been changed since the most recent event history (stEvt:changed). For a resource within an xmpMM:Ingredients list, the ResourceRef uses this type to identify both the portion of the containing document that refers to the resource, and the portion of the referenced resource that is referenced. http://ns.adobe.com/xap/1.0/sType/Part# stPart Part http://www.aiim.org/pdfa/ns/id/ pdfaid PDF/A ID Schema internal Part of PDF/A standard part Integer internal Amendment of PDF/A standard amd Text internal Conformance level of PDF/A standard conformance Text Springer Nature ORCID Schema http://springernature.com/ns/xmpExtensions/2.0/ sn authorInfo Bag AuthorInformation external Author information: contains the name of each author and his/her ORCiD (ORCiD: Open Researcher and Contributor ID). An ORCiD is a persistent identifier (a non-proprietary alphanumeric code) to uniquely identify scientific and other academic authors. AuthorInformation http://springernature.com/ns/xmpExtensions/2.0/authorInfo/ author Specifies the types of author information: name and ORCID of an author. name Text Gives the name of an author. orcid URI Gives the ORCID of an author. Pages: Page: Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 212, 68, 330, 60 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 507, 683, 540, 650 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 340, 214, 345, 201 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 124 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 366, 178, 370, 165 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 124 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 449, 166, 454, 153 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 124 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 206, 680, 211, 668 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 127, 608, 132, 596 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 270, 572, 275, 560 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 116, 524, 121, 512 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 190, 488, 195, 476 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 87, 296, 92, 284 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 372, 704, 376, 692 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 485, 560, 490, 548 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 472, 404, 477, 392 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 480, 380, 490, 368 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 336, 320, 346, 308 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 350, 320, 360, 308 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 353, 272, 363, 260 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 369, 272, 379, 260 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 307, 104, 317, 92 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 132, 269, 142, 257 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 195, 149, 200, 137 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 36 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 232, 101, 237, 89 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 53 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 283, 101, 288, 89 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 53 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 219, 77, 224, 65 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 61 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 4 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 162, 253, 172, 241 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 178, 253, 188, 241 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 363, 109, 373, 97 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 6 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 262, 117, 272, 104 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 277, 117, 287, 104 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 481, 669, 486, 656 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 366, 561, 370, 548 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 86 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 7 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 8 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 307, 170, 317, 158 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 443, 158, 452, 146 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 9 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 490, 284, 500, 272 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 10 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 657, 69, 644 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 75, 657, 85, 644 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 283, 489, 288, 476 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 124 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 477, 66, 464 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 71, 477, 80, 464 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 169, 417, 174, 404 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 181, 417, 191, 404 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 197, 417, 206, 404 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 94, 369, 104, 356 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 110, 369, 120, 356 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 277, 369, 287, 356 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 308, 452, 318, 440 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 11 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 105, 632, 115, 620 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 484, 692, 494, 678 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 145 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 496, 641, 529, 633 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 304, 632, 403, 624 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 12 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 220, 604, 281, 596 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 71, 595, 283, 587 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 71, 586, 153, 578 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 94, 208, 283, 200 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 71, 199, 218, 191 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Thumb: true Checksum: 6fabe531 Type: CRC32 Checksum: 71c5746425fa64beb9a2ec8b13c82136 Type: MD5 Checksum: 77ba0bf80a66558374faa9c025925703f4f7af7d Type: SHA-1 Checksum: 67a2d318bace13c588eccb281f1a9081638aaed90109bcc1079313408da38f5b Type: SHA-256