a975c5fa05e53fe592545fe99ec0999c ALS_a2025v15n18p2744.pdf 5e2f9d9b7dda911ff44a21a8c8bde930c1f0fa3d ALS_a2025v15n18p2744.pdf d6799390ea0e7c74277ca58e68090968aeddc59f901258765ab3222d63b5f397 ALS_a2025v15n18p2744.pdf Title: Speculative Review on the Feasibility of Porcine Circovirus 2 Elimination Subject: Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is still infecting pigs after almost 20 years of massive vaccination all over the world. Vaccines are highly effective at counteracting the clinical signs of systemic disease caused by PCV2 and can significantly reduce the number of subclinically infected pigs. However, current vaccination programs based on one single dose in piglets are insufficient to prevent infection in a proportion of animals. Moreover, systematic vaccination of the herd changes viral epidemiology and, consequently, can cause modifications in infection timing. Such a scenario may prompt intrauterine and piglet early infections, thus facilitating viral circulation even before vaccination takes place. Considering the demonstrated high vaccine efficacy, it would be legitimate to explore the possibility of eliminating PCV2 from swine herds, but only one attempt to eliminate the virus from a herd has been published so far. The present speculative review evaluates the existing scientific literature regarding the feasibility of getting rid of this virus under commercial farm conditions. The use of PCV2 vaccination in all swine populations within a herd and the implementation of regional or national control programs are foreseen as compulsory for the eventual successful elimination of this endemic viral infection. Keywords: porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2); vaccine; elimination; eradication; whole-herd vaccination Author: Joaquim Segalés and Marina Sibila Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25; modified using OpenPDF 1.4.2 CreationDate: Fri Sep 19 15:20:03 2025 CEST ModDate: Fri Sep 19 15:22:15 2025 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 12 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 447528 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- SSXPJJ+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 79 0 FEVSXI+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 80 0 OHGDQP+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 81 0 MHHNJO+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 82 0 MKDWFJ+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 173 0 IXWGVS+PalatinoLinotype-Roman TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 259 0 UXYAHU+PalatinoLinotype-Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes yes 260 0 ECTHDD+VnURWPalladioL-Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 299 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-12-02 04:12:31 CET RepresentationInformation: ALS_a2025v15n18p2744.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-12-01 10:25:05 CET Size: 447528 Format: PDF Version: 1.5 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 444 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: true CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Item: Title: Diagnosis of PCV2 Infections Item: Title: PCV2 Vaccines and Correlates of Protection Item: Title: Single and Double PCV2 Vaccination in Piglets Item: Title: Vaccination of Reproductive Stock Item: Title: PCV2 Mass Vaccination Item: Title: Discussion Item: Title: Conclusions Item: Title: References Info: Title: Speculative Review on the Feasibility of Porcine Circovirus 2 Elimination Author: Joaquim Segalés and Marina Sibila Subject: Porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) is still infecting pigs after almost 20 years of massive vaccination all over the world. Vaccines are highly effective at counteracting the clinical signs of systemic disease caused by PCV2 and can significantly reduce the number of subclinically infected pigs. However, current vaccination programs based on one single dose in piglets are insufficient to prevent infection in a proportion of animals. Moreover, systematic vaccination of the herd changes viral epidemiology and, consequently, can cause modifications in infection timing. Such a scenario may prompt intrauterine and piglet early infections, thus facilitating viral circulation even before vaccination takes place. Considering the demonstrated high vaccine efficacy, it would be legitimate to explore the possibility of eliminating PCV2 from swine herds, but only one attempt to eliminate the virus from a herd has been published so far. The present speculative review evaluates the existing scientific literature regarding the feasibility of getting rid of this virus under commercial farm conditions. The use of PCV2 vaccination in all swine populations within a herd and the implementation of regional or national control programs are foreseen as compulsory for the eventual successful elimination of this endemic viral infection. 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