f51f5c8d9112255435b45c5a9ae5e1e1 ijms-27-00270-v2.pdf 8f4fa0ed4651878b78ff95a6552b7fa7f3e9a0b5 ijms-27-00270-v2.pdf bb82f497daf41e08376791faf75e331cbb4412fce50db46aae23852c82f2774d ijms-27-00270-v2.pdf Title: Expression of Serum and Exosomal microRNA-34a in Subjects with Increased Fat Mass "2279 Subject: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, are key mediators of intercellular communication, transporting biomolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins that influence immune and metabolic pathways. In adipose tissue (AT), adipocyte-derived EVs (AdEVs) play a crucial role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and have been implicated in obesity-related dysfunction. Among their bioactive cargo, microRNAs regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and participate in immunometabolic regulation. This study aimed to determine whether miR-34a expression in serum and circulating EVs varies according to body fat percentage, to explore its potential utility as a non-invasive biomarker of AT dysfunction. A total of 142 adults (mean age 36 11 years) were classified by body fat percentage (25% in men, 35% in women). Exosomes were isolated (Invitrogen®) and characterized by cryo-TEM, and miR-34a expression was quantified by qRT-PCR. miR-34a expression correlated negatively with Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDLc/HDLc, TG/HDLc, BMI, C3, CRP, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, Body adiposity, Chemerin, CCL2, AdipoQT, and AdipoQ-H, but positively with HDLc and QUICKI. Notably, LDLc, sdLDLc, sdLDLc/LDLc, TC/HDLc, and fasting glucose showed opposite correlation patterns between serum and exosomes. Overall, serum miR-34a levels were higher than in exosomes, suggesting its potential as a biomarker of metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance. Keywords: exosomes; miR-34a; fat percentage Author: Jacqueline Alejandra Noboa-Velástegui, Rodolfo Iván Valdez-Vega, Jorge Castro-Albarran, Perla Monserrat Madrigal-Ruiz, Ana Lilia Fletes-Rayas, Sandra Luz Ruiz-Quezada, Martha Eloisa Ramos-Márquez, José de Jesús López-Jiménez, Iñaki Álvarez and Rosa Elena Navarro-Hernández Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25; modified using OpenPDF 1.4.2 CreationDate: Tue Dec 30 12:09:51 2025 CET ModDate: Tue Dec 30 12:24:45 2025 CET Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 610118 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- JVSKAV+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 91 0 RSRPIZ+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 92 0 EWAYMF+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 93 0 ZUAPJW+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 94 0 GBPPYQ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 166 0 JDWIZJ+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 179 0 MPUDFL+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 202 0 HYYHEA+CMBSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 203 0 NANHBG+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 192 0 NANHBD+PalatinoLinotype CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 193 0 NANHBE+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 194 0 NANHBC+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 195 0 NANHFF+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 196 0 NROZPH+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 321 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2026-01-18 03:10:30 CET RepresentationInformation: ijms-27-00270-v2.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2026-01-17 15:52:45 CET Size: 610118 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 460 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: true CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Item: Title: Results Item: Title: Discussion Item: Title: Materials and Methods Children: Item: Title: Samples Item: Title: Chemical and Anthropometric Indices Item: Title: Exosome Isolation and Characterization Item: Title: miRs Extraction from Isolated Exosomes and Serum Item: Title: Statistical Analysis Item: Title: Conclusions Item: Title: References Info: Title: Expression of Serum and Exosomal microRNA-34a in Subjects with Increased Fat Mass "2279 Author: Jacqueline Alejandra Noboa-Velástegui, Rodolfo Iván Valdez-Vega, Jorge Castro-Albarran, Perla Monserrat Madrigal-Ruiz, Ana Lilia Fletes-Rayas, Sandra Luz Ruiz-Quezada, Martha Eloisa Ramos-Márquez, José de Jesús López-Jiménez, Iñaki Álvarez and Rosa Elena Navarro-Hernández Subject: Extracellular vesicles (EVs), particularly exosomes, are key mediators of intercellular communication, transporting biomolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins that influence immune and metabolic pathways. In adipose tissue (AT), adipocyte-derived EVs (AdEVs) play a crucial role in maintaining metabolic homeostasis and have been implicated in obesity-related dysfunction. Among their bioactive cargo, microRNAs regulate post-transcriptional gene expression and participate in immunometabolic regulation. This study aimed to determine whether miR-34a expression in serum and circulating EVs varies according to body fat percentage, to explore its potential utility as a non-invasive biomarker of AT dysfunction. A total of 142 adults (mean age 36 11 years) were classified by body fat percentage (25% in men, 35% in women). Exosomes were isolated (Invitrogen®) and characterized by cryo-TEM, and miR-34a expression was quantified by qRT-PCR. miR-34a expression correlated negatively with Total Cholesterol, Triglycerides, LDLc/HDLc, TG/HDLc, BMI, C3, CRP, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, HOMA-B, Body adiposity, Chemerin, CCL2, AdipoQT, and AdipoQ-H, but positively with HDLc and QUICKI. Notably, LDLc, sdLDLc, sdLDLc/LDLc, TC/HDLc, and fasting glucose showed opposite correlation patterns between serum and exosomes. Overall, serum miR-34a levels were higher than in exosomes, suggesting its potential as a biomarker of metabolic dysfunction and insulin resistance. 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