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Destination: titlink1 Children: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: flink1 Item: Title: Methods Destination: flink2 Children: Item: Title: Design and population Destination: slink1 Item: Title: Variables of interest Destination: slink2 Item: Title: Statistical analyses Destination: slink3 Item: Title: Role of the funding source Destination: slink4 Item: Title: Results Destination: flink3 Children: Item: Title: Blood culture guidelines Destination: slink5 Item: Title: Blood culture collection practices Destination: slink6 Item: Title: Blood culture transfer, tracking, result reporting and quality indicators Destination: slink7 Item: Title: Microbiological infrastructure and diagnostic capabilities Destination: slink8 Item: Title: Blood culture turn-around times Destination: slink9 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: flink4 Children: Item: Title: Conclusion Destination: slink10 Item: Title: ContributorsCSS, KR, RF, EAI, MG contributed to the conceptualisation. CSS, DF, AL, RF, AA, SL, MO (Ostermann), MG, EGB, EA ... Destination: blink1 Item: Title: Data sharing statementThe data used for this analysis can be made available upon reasonable request for up to five years. F ... Destination: blink2 Item: Title: Editor noteThe Lancet Group takes a neutral position with respect to territorial claims in published maps and institutional ... Destination: blink3 Item: Title: Declaration of interests Destination: blink4 Item: Title: Acknowledgements Destination: blink5 Item: Title: Appendix A. Supplementary data Destination: flink5 Item: Title: References Destination: blink6 Info: Title: Blood culture practices and microbiological capacity for sepsis diagnostics in Europe (2021-2022): a cross-sectional analysis of the European Sepsis Care Survey Author: Christian S. 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Scheer Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis Djillali Annane Antonio Artigas Abdullah Tarik Aslan Gabriella Bottari Hjalmar R. Bouma Vladimir Černý Renata Curić Radivojević Ken Dewitte Daniela Filipescu Matthias Gründling Johanna Hästbacka Said Laribi Annmarie Lassen Konstantin Lebedinskii Adam Linder Jan Máca Manu L.N.G. Malbrain Gianpaola Monti Marlies Ostermann Michael Osthoff José Artur Paiva Michela Sabbatucci Jakub Śmiechowicz Mihai Gabriel Ştefan Marcus Vollmer Natalija Vuković Kyriakos Zaragkoulias Konrad Reinhart Ricard Ferrer Evgeny A. Idelevich European Sepsis Care Study Group on behalf of the ESCMID Study Group for Bloodstream Infections Endocarditis and Sepsis (ESGBIES) and the European Sepsis Alliance (ESA) Alexander Scharf Adam Leoniuk Adam Linder Adrià Albis Guimet Adriana América Da Silva Adriana Cataldo Agata Dąbkowska Agneverszka Głusek Aikaterini Ioakeimidou Alberto del Castillo Blanco Albertus Beishuizen Aldona Szczepańska Alejandro Martin-Quiros Alejandro Rodriguez Alessandra Oliva Alessandro Manfredi Alessia Franceschi Alessio Bertini Alessio Maroccia Alexander Koch Alexander Nicko Alexandre Bleibtreu Alfonso Arizmendi Demay Ali Rezaei Aliaksei Kazachonak Alicja Bartkowska-Śniatkowska Almudena Alonso Ojembarrena Alvise Tosoni Marco Daverio Ana Margarida Correia Ana Maria Munteanu Anabela Bártolo Anamaria Harabor Anani Akpabie Andrea Carsetti Andrea Magaard Andreas Ekman Andreas Hecker Andreas Nowak Andreas Ostermeier Andreas Prengel Andreas Sielenkämper Andreas Thierbach Andriy Krystopchuk Andrzej Pihowicz Aneverk Crombach Angela Liebke Anita Lukic Anja Heymann Sebastian Baßeler Anja-Tamara Lange Anna Antes-żupa Anna Efthymiou Anna Eklund Anna Lukaszewska Anna Meuronen Anna Patrizia Poli Anna Radlińska Anna Rekas-Dudziak Anne Floor Heitz Annelies Tacx Anni Pulkkinen Annmarie Lassen Antonella Frattari Antonella Viola Antonija Vrbanić Šutalo Antonio Carneiro António Manuel Pereira De Figueiredo Antti Mäkelä Arion-Björn Paulus Armin Sablotzki Armin Seibel Arne Röhrs Athanasios Chalkias Axel Neverrhaus B. Anuszkiewicz Balazs Kadar Bartolo Michelangelo Bea Van den Poel Belinda De Simone Benjamin Sasko Bernd Müllejans Bernhard Birmes Bernuy Galvez Cesar Berta Cisteró Birgit Gottschlich Biserka Mustac-Hlebec Björn Jäschke Boris E. Sakakushev Bozidar Duplancic Bruno Van Herendael Ibrahim Bushra Anna Mansson Caitriona Rayner Calancia Cosmin Carla Hopper Carles Triginer Carlo Pallotto Carmen Lauterbach Carmen Rosa Fraga Quintana Carolina S. Romero Caroline Riske Caterina Gentili Christian Byhahn Christian Keuneke Christian Prause Christian Schlottke Christina Lydon Christine Weis Christoph Büttner Christoph Dodt Christoph Peter Christoph Plank Christophe Aveline Cinzia Barletta Claudia Gutsche Claudia Holzbauer Constantin Bodolea Cordula Thörmer Johan Courjon Cristian Cobilinschi Cristina Honorato Cristina López Viloria Csaba Kopitkó Dagmar Engemann Dan Corneci Daniel Bender Daniela Ionescu Daniele Orso Daphne Annika van Rijssel David Andaluz Ojeda David Honan David Míra Dietmar Dörschner Dietrich Keller Dimitrios Schizas Dimitris Bliamplias Dirk Hinz Dirk Meininger Ditte Gry Strange Djillali Annane Astrid Schwurack Dokoula Carine Dominik Einwag Dorel Sandesc Ilse Van Cotthem Eefje Verwulgen Elena Chircov Eleni Karlafti Elina Riihioja Elisabeth Montel Elora Pavla Matanović Els-Marie Rolén Else van den Berg Erica Sermijn Ester Rovira Lázaro Etienne Javouhey Eva Schaden Evangelia Michail Michailidou Eveny Winklaar Evgeni Dimitrov Evgeni Nikolaev Evy Voets Ewa Zabul F. Xavier López Altimiras Fabio Caramelli Fabrizio DAcapito Fausto Catena Ferran Llopis Filip Abedinov Filip Triest Filippia Nikolaou FIlippo Luciani Fiona Moore Simin Aysel Florescu Florian Berteau Florian Prätsch Florian Schache Florian Seidlitz Florin Teodor Bobirca Francesca Greco Francesca Lelli Francesco Fleres Francisco Jose Ezponda Franco Apra Frank Fröhlich Frank Hendrich Frank Schleibach Frank Wolffgramm Frank Zoerner Frank-Günter Mewes Frank-R. Klefisch Fredrik Schiöler Friedrich Afflerbach Fritz-Ulrich Hahne Gabor Nardai Gabriel Chiriac Gabriel Petre Gorexki Gabriele Racanelli Gabriele Wolz Gabriella Bottari Gabriella Parisi Garri Slobodianiuk Genoveva Cadar Georg Fritz Georg Kreuzer George Notas George Sakka Georgi Popivanov Gerd Klinkmann Ida Giacinto Michele Giannini Gideon Latten Giovanna Maddalena Gisa Andresen Giuseppe Brisinda Giuseppe Lauria Goffredo Angioni Göran Stenlund Grzegorz Płoński Günther Oprea H.A.H. Kaasjager H.R. 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Roesner Jan Seemann Jan Zatloukal Jan-Hinrich Baumert Jan-Jakob Meyer Jana Fastnacht-Böttcher Jana Protzel Janos Szederjesi Janusz Gruszczyk Janusz Michalak Jaroslav Houser Jarosław Janc Jarosław Luboński Javier Hermida Yañez Javier Pilar Jean-Louis Vincent Jean-Philippe Lanoix Jelmer Alsma Jens Christian Kubitz Jens Döffert Jens Eriksson Jens Heidrich Jens Soukup Jeppe SA. 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Klimaschewski R. Schnabel Radek Cihlář Rafael Leon Lopez Rafał Gałuszka Rafał Wójtowicz Rainer Haas Ralf Walper Ralph Budnik Ralph Sander Raphael Gukasjan Reiner Sitzler Reinoud Cartuyvels Renata Szmigielska Renate Koch René Verbeek Ricard Ferrer Ricardo Castelbón Rob Wilting Robert Bocek Robert Janda Roberta Moretti Roelie Wösten-van Asperen Romain Jouffroy Romaric Larcher Ronald Seidel Rosario Cristoforo Puleo Rouven-Alexander von Holten Roxana Ungurean Rüdiger Albrecht Rüdiger Lott Rui Terras Rute Fernandes Alves Ruth Müller Ryszard Tokarczuk Salla Kumpulainen Sami Mäenpää Sandra Müller Sandra O. Donovan Sanna Pohjanpaju Sara Cajander Sascha Ussat Saviano Angela Sebastian Brandt Sebastian Casu Sebastian Hafner Sebastian Hammerich Sebastian Rehberg Sebastian Tranca Selena Knoth Shahram Mashayekhi Shona Fitzgerald Silvana Pilia Silvia Carbajo Azabal Silvia De Rosa Simo-Pekka Koivisto Simon Oelsner Simon Schäfer Simona Barnini Simona Viola Simu Tudor Sinead O. Neill Stanisław Iwańczak Söhnke Boye Sonja Krofak Spadaro Savino Staffan Tevell Stefan Angermair Stefan Bergt Stefan Markoff Stefan Ostmeier Stefan Otto Stefan P. Wirtz Stefan Rußwurm Stefan Schroeder Stefan Staar Stefanie Vandervelden Stefano Trapassi Steffen Volkert Stepani Bendel Stephan Baumann Stephan Blache Stephanie Koster Stephanie Mifsud Sulamita Carvalho Brugger Sunil Jagoda Sven Ackermann Sybille Glöckl T. Dormans Tajana Milanovic Robina Talvikki Koskue Tatiana Ciomartan Teresa Tomasa Theodoros Aslanidis Thessa VerNeverst Thomas Eckermann Thomas Grau Thomas Hahn Thomas Kiss Thomas Libuda Thomas Melzer Thomas Rösel Thomas Uhlig Thomas Volk Thomas Weidermann Thorsten Keil Tim Bruckmoser Tim Piepho Timmermans Mark Tina Frolo Tina Tomić Mahečić Toamas Gabrhelik Tobias Gropp Tobias Klöpper Tobias Lahmer Tobias Leipold Tomáš Málek Tomáš Tajč Tomas Urbina Tomas Vymazal Tomasz Musiuk Tomasz Siegel Tomasz Skalec Torsten Fricke Udo Gottschaldt Ulf Linstedt Ulrich Blumenthal Ulrich Katt Ulrich Plog Ulrich Ronellenfitsch Ursula George Ute Brüggemann Uwe Treue Václava Adámková Valeria Caramello Vasileios Kaldis Vasileios Nolas Vasilios Papaioannou Verena Plötz Vesna Degoricija Viktor Švigelj Ville Jalkanen Vincenzo Francesco Tripodi Vladimír Zemánek Volker Ostermoor W. Alexander Osthaus W. Joost Wiersinga W.B. Huiszoon Wahid Altaf Waldemar Sobolewski Walravens Stig Walter Stadlmeyer Wiktoria Mizak Witold Wasiak Wojciech Dabrowski Wolfgang Heinke Wolfgang Zink Xavier Muschart Yuriy Bunin Yvo Boué Yvonne Young Zdenek Kos Zdenko Povšić-Čevra Zrinka Safaric Oremus Zuzanna Górska Sepsis Blood cultures Diagnostics Infrastructure Turn-around time Opening hours Rapid testing Single-site sampling Multiple-site sampling Number of blood cultures sets Clinical practice Pre-analytical practice Blood culture analysis The Lancet Regional Health - Europe, 62 (2026) 101570. doi:10.1016/j.lanepe.2025.101570 The Author(s) journal The Lancet Regional Health - Europe © 2025 The Author(s). 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