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Front. Surg. 12:1567390. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2025.1567390 application/pdf 10.3389/fsurg.2025.1567390 Copyright © 2025 González-Suárez, Grao Roca, Vivas and Jauregui. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with theseterms. VATS-US pulmonary nodules echogenic pattern nodule identification nodule characterization Role of VATS-US in identifying and characterizing pulmonary nodules: a narrative review VATS-US; pulmonary nodules; echogenic pattern; nodule identification; nodule characterization Acrobat Distiller 8.1.0 (Windows) Journal 10.3389/fsurg.2025.1567390 © 2025 González-Suárez, Grao Roca, Vivas and Jauregui. 2025-05-15T16:33:46+05:30 Arbortext Advanced Print Publisher 10.0.1465/W Unicode 2025-05-15T17:13:43+05:30 2025-05-15T17:13:43+05:30 uuid:3121406f-345e-11f0-0000-b2054a743c2f True https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/copyright-statement Pages: Page: Label: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 49, 701, 125, 715 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 57, 551, 138, 558 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 57, 541, 159, 548 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 64, 433, 154, 440 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 161, 392, 186, 399 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 49, 383, 172, 390 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 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