34f06c879efaa1c57cb4a3b117999978 pmc_11854190.pdf 54ad796bc3f05842b3fb919e8bef75393568ede1 pmc_11854190.pdf 6261eb63f181655893fe248e6d0e635eb20adddf23c4208e85ccefd82a7e9c0e pmc_11854190.pdf Title: Impact of Mental Health Literacy on Improving Quality of Life Among Adolescents in Barcelona Subject: Background/Objectives: We aim to assess the effect of the Espaijove.net mental health literacy program on adolescents’ quality of life (QOL). Additionally, we aim to describe their QOL and mental well-being. Methods: A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial was conducted, with pre- and post-intervention assessments and 6- and 12-month follow-ups. A total of 1032 students aged 13–14 from 18 schools in Barcelona participated in one of the three following mental health literacy (MHL) programs or were placed in a control group (CG): (1) a 1 h awareness session (G1h); (2) a 6 h MHL program (G6h); (3) a 7 h MHL program with stigma reduction (G7h). Measures: (1) Mental well-being: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ); (2) QOL: EuroQol 5D-5L with its two parts: the EuroQol 5D-5L Index (0–1) and EuroQol 5D-5L visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) (0–100). Analyses were conducted on an intention-to-treat basis, using data imputation methods for missing data. Intervention effects were assessed using multilevel models. Results: Baseline EQ-VAS and EQ-5D-5L index scores were 77.84 (CI = 76.77–78.91) and 0.91 (CI = 0.90–0.92), respectively. Boys reported higher QOL and SDQ scores (p < 0.001), whereas participants of foreign nationality showed lower scores in QOL (EQ-VAS; p = 0.039) and mental well-being (p < 0.001). Post-intervention, all groups (intervention and control), except G6h, showed QOL improvements. However, in the 6-month follow-up, the CG outperformed the other groups. At 12 months, G7h achieved the highest EQ-VAS scores compared to the other groups. Conclusions: MHL-based interventions improved short-term QOL but failed to sustain these improvements over time. Groups with lower QOL and SDQ scores included girls and adolescents of foreign nationality. Keywords: mental health literacy; adolescent; quality of life; mental well-being; EuroQoL Author: Isaac Daniel Amado-Rodríguez, Rocio Casañas, Jaume Juan-Parra, Juan Francisco Roldan-Merino, Lluís Lalucat-Jo and Mª Isabel Fernandez-San-Martín Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Sat Feb 15 09:03:10 2025 CET ModDate: Sat Feb 15 09:06:59 2025 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 16 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 438623 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- FZSAMJ+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 10 0 KALDFE+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 16 0 DZWGYO+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 22 0 VPLEMH+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 27 0 MLNKGF+PalatinoLinotype,Bold TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 72 0 MLNKGH+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 75 0 MLNKGJ+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 78 0 MLNLJC+PalatinoLinotype TrueType MacRoman yes yes no 81 0 QLBIEB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 89 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2025-04-03 02:09:26 CEST RepresentationInformation: pmc_11854190.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2025-04-02 02:08:05 CEST Size: 438623 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 274 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Design Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Participants Destination: subsection.2.2 Item: Title: Sample Size Destination: subsection.2.3 Item: Title: Recruitment Process Destination: subsection.2.4 Item: Title: Procedure Destination: subsection.2.5 Item: Title: Intervention Destination: subsection.2.6 Item: Title: Variables and Measuring Tools Destination: subsection.2.7 Item: Title: Analysis Destination: subsection.2.8 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Item: Title: Conclusions Destination: section.5 Item: Title: References Destination: section.6 Info: Title: Impact of Mental Health Literacy on Improving Quality of Life Among Adolescents in Barcelona Author: Isaac Daniel Amado-Rodríguez, Rocio Casañas, Jaume Juan-Parra, Juan Francisco Roldan-Merino, Lluís Lalucat-Jo and Mª Isabel Fernandez-San-Martín Subject: Background/Objectives: We aim to assess the effect of the Espaijove.net mental health literacy program on adolescents’ quality of life (QOL). Additionally, we aim to describe their QOL and mental well-being. Methods: A multicenter, randomized, controlled trial was conducted, with pre- and post-intervention assessments and 6- and 12-month follow-ups. A total of 1032 students aged 13 14 from 18 schools in Barcelona participated in one of the three following mental health literacy (MHL) programs or were placed in a control group (CG): (1) a 1 h awareness session (G1h); (2) a 6 h MHL program (G6h); (3) a 7 h MHL program with stigma reduction (G7h). Measures: (1) Mental well-being: Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ); (2) QOL: EuroQol 5D-5L with its two parts: the EuroQol 5D-5L Index (0 1) and EuroQol 5D-5L visual analog scale (EQ-VAS) (0 100). Analyses were conducted on an intention-to-treat basis, using data imputation methods for missing data. Intervention effects were assessed using multilevel models. Results: Baseline EQ-VAS and EQ-5D-5L index scores were 77.84 (CI = 76.77 78.91) and 0.91 (CI = 0.90 0.92), respectively. Boys reported higher QOL and SDQ scores (p < 0.001), whereas participants of foreign nationality showed lower scores in QOL (EQ-VAS; p = 0.039) and mental well-being (p < 0.001). Post-intervention, all groups (intervention and control), except G6h, showed QOL improvements. However, in the 6-month follow-up, the CG outperformed the other groups. At 12 months, G7h achieved the highest EQ-VAS scores compared to the other groups. Conclusions: MHL-based interventions improved short-term QOL but failed to sustain these improvements over time. Groups with lower QOL and SDQ scores included girls and adolescents of foreign nationality. Keywords: mental health literacy; adolescent; quality of life; mental well-being; EuroQoL Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25 CreationDate: Sat Feb 15 09:03:10 CET 2025 ModDate: Sat Feb 15 09:06:59 CET 2025 ID: 0xa0260b9cb38d12a88ce3a2e503888d76, 0xa0260b9cb38d12a88ce3a2e503888d76 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode Fonts: Type1: Font: BaseFont: KALDFE+URWPalladioL-Roma FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 250 FontDescriptor: FontName: KALDFE+URWPalladioL-Roma Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: DZWGYO+URWPalladioL-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 2 LastChar: 241 FontDescriptor: FontName: DZWGYO+URWPalladioL-Bold Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -152, -301, 1000, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: QLBIEB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal FontSubset: true FirstChar: 110 LastChar: 112 FontDescriptor: FontName: QLBIEB+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -300, 1073, 935 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: FZSAMJ+VnURWPalladioL FontSubset: true FirstChar: 133 LastChar: 225 FontDescriptor: FontName: FZSAMJ+VnURWPalladioL Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -166, -283, 1021, 943 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: VPLEMH+URWPalladioL-Ital FontSubset: true FirstChar: 46 LastChar: 250 FontDescriptor: FontName: VPLEMH+URWPalladioL-Ital Flags: Symbolic FontBBox: -170, -305, 1010, 941 FontFile: true EncodingDictionary: Differences: true ToUnicode: true Pages: Page: Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 177, 152, 186 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 167, 90, 174 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 36, 75, 152, 84 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 63, 89, 72 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 773, 135, 809 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 515, 773, 560, 809 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 191, 663, 202, 677 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 277, 663, 288, 677 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 528, 663, 539, 677 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 291, 650, 303, 663 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 453, 69, 460, 78 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 406, 27, 560, 37 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 34, 356, 87, 375 Page: Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 230, 661, 237, 670 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 470, 647, 477, 656 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 311, 605, 318, 614 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 318, 605, 325, 614 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 456, 591, 462, 600 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 195, 563, 202, 572 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 549, 563, 556, 572 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 541, 549, 548, 559 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 549, 550, 556, 559 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 409, 522, 416, 531 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 528, 508, 535, 517 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 328, 494, 335, 503 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 335, 494, 347, 503 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 423, 452, 435, 461 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 331, 410, 343, 419 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 303, 382, 315, 391 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 318, 382, 330, 391 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 531, 369, 543, 377 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 544, 368, 556, 377 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 335, 354, 347, 364 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 290, 313, 302, 322 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 303, 313, 315, 322 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 441, 271, 452, 280 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 409, 215, 421, 224 ActionDest: 116 Page: Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 285, 697, 297, 706 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 467, 684, 479, 692 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 282, 491, 294, 500 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 353, 422, 365, 430 ActionDest: 116 Page: Sequence: 4 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 220, 728, 232, 737 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 517, 728, 529, 737 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 392, 444, 404, 453 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 252, 402, 264, 411 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 265, 402, 277, 411 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 491, 374, 503, 383 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 176, 249, 188, 258 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 374, 123, 386, 132 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 531, 109, 543, 118 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 543, 109, 555, 118 ActionDest: 116 Page: Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 431, 487, 438, 499 ActionDest: 62 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 549, 376, 556, 388 ActionDest: 86 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 194, 321, 201, 332 ActionDest: 86 Page: Sequence: 6 Page: Sequence: 7 Page: Sequence: 8 Page: Sequence: 9 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 234, 673, 241, 684 ActionDest: 86 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 194, 616, 201, 628 ActionDest: 100 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 212, 533, 219, 545 ActionDest: 103 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 244, 394, 251, 406 ActionDest: 103 Page: Sequence: 10 Page: Sequence: 11 Page: Sequence: 12 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 416, 630, 428, 639 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 313, 616, 325, 625 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 217, 519, 229, 528 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 497, 463, 509, 472 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 523, 407, 535, 416 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 222, 393, 234, 402 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 522, 393, 534, 402 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 228, 351, 234, 361 ActionDest: 113 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 346, 338, 358, 347 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 198, 310, 210, 319 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 528, 226, 540, 235 ActionDest: 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 543, 226, 555, 235 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 482, 198, 494, 207 ActionDest: 119 Page: Sequence: 13 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 271, 731, 283, 740 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 400, 717, 412, 726 ActionDest: 119 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 323, 647, 335, 656 ActionDest: 116 Page: Sequence: 14 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 308, 567, 346, 578 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 352, 567, 388, 578 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 268, 528, 377, 539 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 86, 503, 344, 514 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 488, 477, 526, 488 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 440, 96, 450 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 102, 440, 138, 450 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 158, 414, 395, 425 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 426, 401, 560, 412 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 388, 261, 399 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 240, 362, 278, 373 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 284, 362, 320, 373 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 406, 337, 443, 348 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 450, 337, 486, 348 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 411, 311, 448, 322 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 274, 96, 284 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 519, 260, 557, 271 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 463, 235, 501, 246 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 95, 210, 133, 220 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 356, 184, 394, 195 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 400, 184, 436, 195 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 446, 158, 483, 169 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 490, 158, 526, 169 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 142, 121, 180, 131 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 287, 82, 324, 93 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 330, 82, 366, 93 Page: Sequence: 15 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 262, 743, 300, 754 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 306, 743, 342, 754 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 337, 705, 374, 716 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 427, 679, 465, 690 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 118, 629, 155, 639 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 504, 590, 542, 601 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 494, 565, 532, 576 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 211, 526, 249, 537 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 255, 526, 291, 537 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 502, 513, 560, 524 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 501, 200, 512 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 149, 475, 560, 486 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 462, 225, 473 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 437, 287, 448 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 401, 411, 439, 422 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 445, 411, 481, 422 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 520, 399, 557, 410 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 387, 95, 397 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 316, 360, 354, 371 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 276, 335, 313, 346 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 59, 297, 96, 307 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 260, 271, 560, 282 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 259, 128, 269 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 192, 220, 230, 231 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 191, 182, 228, 193 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 347, 157, 385, 167 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 515, 130, 552, 141 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 227, 105, 264, 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 270, 105, 306, 116 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 104, 67, 141, 78 Page: Sequence: 16 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 493, 743, 530, 754 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 257, 705, 294, 716 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 392, 679, 429, 690 Checksum: b6a516d0 Type: CRC32 Checksum: 34f06c879efaa1c57cb4a3b117999978 Type: MD5 Checksum: 54ad796bc3f05842b3fb919e8bef75393568ede1 Type: SHA-1 Checksum: 6261eb63f181655893fe248e6d0e635eb20adddf23c4208e85ccefd82a7e9c0e Type: SHA-256