4855f0d85d6183674fb75dc10c298905 g3_a2026m5v16n5pjkag059.pdf 7a755696d36d65a0da0dfc51f5fdafe81f8270ca g3_a2026m5v16n5pjkag059.pdf 5aed25cca13a2b43a24fda7a8557f3c1420d02203c13eb7f84772cac908c7515 g3_a2026m5v16n5pjkag059.pdf Title: A guide to plant breeding for animal breeders Subject: DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkag059; G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics, 16, 5, 2026-03-31.; Abstract: Over the years, some animal breeding PhD graduates have found employment in major plant breeding companies, but this shift is often accompanied by culture shock. Animal breeding expertise, particularly in genomic prediction and mixed-model analysis, is valuable but insufficient for a straightforward transition to plant breeding. We stress two main limitations of an animal breeders training from a plant breeding perspective, and both stem from the ability to replicate plant genotypes: design and analysis of field experiments, and genotype by environment interaction. Besides genomic prediction and simulation, we argue that artificial intelligence and phenomics will further increase commonality between fields. Keywords: animal breeding; artificial intelligence; genomic prediction; genotype × environment interaction; plant breeding; teaching Author: Miguel Pérez-Enciso; Rex Bernardo Creator: Servigistics Arbortext Advanced Print Publisher 11.1.4546/W-x64 Producer: PDFlib+PDI 9.0.7p3 (C++/Win64) ; modified using iTextSharp.LGPLv2.Core 3.7.4.0 CreationDate: Thu Apr 30 03:34:12 2026 CEST ModDate: Fri Jun 5 11:43:44 2026 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: yes UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 4 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 782.362 pts Page rot: 0 File size: 271150 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.6 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- EKVEYK+AvenirLTPro-Black CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 377 0 HSKNJJ+CaeciliaLTStd-Italic Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 378 0 SSZSRF+CaeciliaLTStd-Roman Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 379 0 QTGJUH+CaeciliaLTStd-Bold Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 20 0 SVAGDD+AvenirLTStd-Book Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 380 0 MKMWCC+AvenirLTStd-Medium Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 381 0 PXVBKM+STIXGeneral-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 18 0 PYYORA+CaeciliaLTStd-Heavy Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 19 0 RNAXEA+CaeciliaLTStd-Light Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 17 0 JUUDAB+CaeciliaLTStd-LightItalic Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 21 0 QNMWFZ+ArialMT TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 1 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2026-06-06 04:31:46 CEST RepresentationInformation: g3_a2026m5v16n5pjkag059.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2026-06-05 11:45:35 CEST Size: 271150 Format: PDF Version: 1.6 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Tagged PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 436 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: true NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: OneColumn PageMode: UseOutlines Language: en Outlines: Item: Title: A guide to plant breeding for animal breeders Destination: head1 Children: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: secjkag059-s1 Item: Title: Plant breeding in a nutshell Destination: secjkag059-s2 Item: Title: Key biological differences that influence how plants vs animals are bred Destination: secjkag059-s3 Children: Item: Title: Plants can be genetically replicated but animals cannot Destination: secjkag059-s3.1 Item: Title: Animals can move but plants cannot Destination: secjkag059-s3.2 Item: Title: GBLUP, simulations, and future commonalities Destination: secjkag059-s4 Item: Title: Easing a transition from animal to plant breeding Destination: secjkag059-s5 Item: Title: Funding Destination: secjkag059-s6 Item: Title: Conflicts of interest Destination: secjkag059-s91 Item: Title: Literature cited Destination: reflist Info: Title: A guide to plant breeding for animal breeders Author: Miguel Pérez-Enciso; Rex Bernardo Subject: DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkag059; G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics, 16, 5, 2026-03-31.; Abstract: Over the years, some animal breeding PhD graduates have found employment in major plant breeding companies, but this shift is often accompanied by culture shock. Animal breeding expertise, particularly in genomic prediction and mixed-model analysis, is valuable but insufficient for a straightforward transition to plant breeding. We stress two main limitations of an animal breeders training from a plant breeding perspective, and both stem from the ability to replicate plant genotypes: design and analysis of field experiments, and genotype by environment interaction. Besides genomic prediction and simulation, we argue that artificial intelligence and phenomics will further increase commonality between fields. Keywords: animal breeding; artificial intelligence; genomic prediction; genotype × environment interaction; plant breeding; teaching Creator: Servigistics Arbortext Advanced Print Publisher 11.1.4546/W-x64 Producer: PDFlib+PDI 9.0.7p3 (C++/Win64) ; modified using iTextSharp.LGPLv2.Core 3.7.4.0 CreationDate: Thu Apr 30 04:04:12 CEST 2026 ModDate: Fri Jun 05 11:43:44 CEST 2026 ID: 0xb35e7b7779c321f5ccb945320386fe92, 0xff82ed7369afe4c8816a5403f8be81e6 Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode FilterPipeline: DCTDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 566 ImageHeight: 613 ColorSpace: RGB BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Fonts: Type0: Font: BaseFont: EKVEYK+AvenirLTPro-Black Encoding: Identity-H ToUnicode: true Type1: Font: BaseFont: RNAXEA+CaeciliaLTStd-Light FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 79 FontDescriptor: FontName: RNAXEA+CaeciliaLTStd-Light Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -164, -266, 1130, 908 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: PXVBKM+STIXGeneral-Regular FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 3 FontDescriptor: FontName: PXVBKM+STIXGeneral-Regular Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -995, -455, 2000, 1055 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: PYYORA+CaeciliaLTStd-Heavy FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 40 FontDescriptor: FontName: PYYORA+CaeciliaLTStd-Heavy Flags: Nonsymbolic, ForceBold FontBBox: -170, -277, 1146, 970 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: QTGJUH+CaeciliaLTStd-Bold FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 37 FontDescriptor: FontName: QTGJUH+CaeciliaLTStd-Bold Flags: Nonsymbolic, ForceBold FontBBox: -166, -273, 1141, 938 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: JUUDAB+CaeciliaLTStd-LightItalic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 38 FontDescriptor: FontName: JUUDAB+CaeciliaLTStd-LightItalic Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -166, -267, 1033, 909 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: HSKNJJ+CaeciliaLTStd-Italic FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 2 FontDescriptor: FontName: HSKNJJ+CaeciliaLTStd-Italic Flags: Nonsymbolic, Italic FontBBox: -166, -270, 1053, 915 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: SSZSRF+CaeciliaLTStd-Roman FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 55 FontDescriptor: FontName: SSZSRF+CaeciliaLTStd-Roman Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -167, -270, 1136, 926 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: SVAGDD+AvenirLTStd-Book FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 62 FontDescriptor: FontName: SVAGDD+AvenirLTStd-Book Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -167, -288, 1000, 920 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true Font: BaseFont: MKMWCC+AvenirLTStd-Medium FontSubset: true FirstChar: 1 LastChar: 10 FontDescriptor: FontName: MKMWCC+AvenirLTStd-Medium Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -166, -282, 1036, 924 FontFile3: true EncodingDictionary: BaseEncoding: WinAnsiEncoding Differences: true ToUnicode: true TrueType: Font: BaseFont: QNMWFZ+ArialMT FontSubset: true FirstChar: 32 LastChar: 121 FontDescriptor: FontName: QNMWFZ+ArialMT Flags: Nonsymbolic FontBBox: -664, -324, 2000, 1039 FontFile2: true Encoding: WinAnsiEncoding CIDFontType2: Font: BaseFont: EKVEYK+AvenirLTPro-Black CIDSystemInfo: Registry: Adobe Registry: Identity Supplement: 0 FontDescriptor: FontName: EKVEYK+AvenirLTPro-Black Flags: Nonsymbolic, ForceBold FontBBox: -161, -260, 1135, 953 FontFile2: true XMP: application/pdf 10.1093/g3journal/jkag059 en Oxford University Press A guide to plant breeding for animal breeders Miguel Pérez-Enciso; Rex Bernardo Rex Bernardo DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkag059; G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics, 16, 5, 2026-03-31.; Abstract: Over the years, some animal breeding PhD graduates have found employment in major plant breeding companies, but this shift is often accompanied by culture shock. Animal breeding expertise, particularly in genomic prediction and mixed-model analysis, is valuable but insufficient for a straightforward transition to plant breeding. We stress two main limitations of an animal breeders training from a plant breeding perspective, and both stem from the ability to replicate plant genotypes: design and analysis of field experiments, and genotype by environment interaction. Besides genomic prediction and simulation, we argue that artificial intelligence and phenomics will further increase commonality between fields. animal breeding artificial intelligence genomic prediction genotype × environment interaction plant breeding teaching © The Author(s) 2026. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Genetics Society of America. animal breeding; artificial intelligence; genomic prediction; genotype × environment interaction; plant breeding; teaching PDFlib+PDI 9.0.7p3 (C++/Win64) ; modified using iTextSharp.LGPLv2.Core 3.7.4.0 1 PStill version 1.84.42 Journal © The Author(s) 2026. 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