f360154d022aa42e8524d53bd41a7561 26TV19_Plants_Monfort_pub.pdf 7baa62eeccae5c8646a1bb76ef8773c788931505 26TV19_Plants_Monfort_pub.pdf 7885c0a3a98e6d45577c457b21ac9613e052b1246cebbc6b1e87665f8a17f8c4 26TV19_Plants_Monfort_pub.pdf Title: Green Leaf Volatile Profiling Reveals Ripening-Stage- and Tissue-Specific Patterns in Rosaceae Berries Subject: Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are key contributors to fruit aroma and plant defense, yet their accumulation during fruit ripening and across tissues remains understudied in Rosaceae berries. In this study, GLV profiles of the LOX-HPL pathway were compared between leaves, unripe, half-ripe, and ripe fruit of commercial strawberry (Fragaria ananassa), raspberry (Rubus idaeus), blackberry (Rubus sp.), and woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) using HS-SPME–GC–MS. Eleven GLVs were identified, exhibiting strong species- and ripening-dependent variation. Odor activity value analysis showed that grassy aldehydes were the main predicted GLV contributors to aroma in ripe raspberry and blackberry samples, as opposed to fruity esters in ripe strawberry samples. However, differences in outdoor growth and harvest conditions should be considered when interpreting interspecies comparisons. Multivariate analyses suggest that GLVs may discriminate between ripening stages and reveal patterns of co-variation between (Z)-3-hexenal, (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal, and 4-oxohex-2-enal. Berry leaves contained substantially higher total GLVs and distinct compositions compared to fruit, such as the alcohol-rich profile of blackberry leaves, consistent with tissue- and species-associated differences in GLV profiles. Keywords: strawberry; raspberry; blackberry; aroma; fruit ripening; odor activity values; aldehydes; esters Author: Dylan Nunnally-Martínez and Amparo Monfort Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25; modified using OpenPDF 1.4.2 CreationDate: Mon Jun 1 10:00:20 2026 CEST ModDate: Mon Jun 1 10:08:05 2026 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 19 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2126635 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- EJTILR+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 123 0 JDCKWC+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 124 0 IZQLBQ+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 125 0 NYEDFK+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 126 0 OVNEXW+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 208 0 EJCWYQ+URWPalladioL-BoldItal Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 209 0 HCJAPD+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 222 0 HCJAPB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 223 0 IYLPED+CMBSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 247 0 HCJAPB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 259 0 HCJAPD+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 286 0 HCJAPB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 287 0 HCJAPB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 312 0 HCJAPD+PalatinoLinotype,Italic TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 332 0 HCJAPB+PalatinoLinotype TrueType WinAnsi yes yes no 333 0 DRZBZG+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 494 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2026-06-04 03:57:47 CEST RepresentationInformation: 26TV19_Plants_Monfort_pub.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2026-06-03 08:34:28 CEST Size: 2126635 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 559 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: true CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Item: Title: Results Children: Item: Title: Evolution of GLV Compounds During Berry Fruit Ripening Item: Title: Odor Activity Value Estimates and Predicted Influence of GLVs on Berry Fruit Aroma Item: Title: Total and Proportional GLV Composition in Berry Fruits and Leaves Item: Title: Multivariate Analysis of GLV in Berry Fruits and Leaves Item: Title: Discussion Item: Title: Materials and Methods Children: Item: Title: Plant Material and Sampling Item: Title: GC-MS Analysis of Green Leaf Volatiles Item: Title: Determination of Odor Activity Values Item: Title: Chemicals and Reagents Item: Title: Data Analysis Item: Title: References Info: Title: Green Leaf Volatile Profiling Reveals Ripening-Stage- and Tissue-Specific Patterns in Rosaceae Berries Author: Dylan Nunnally-Martínez and Amparo Monfort Subject: Green leaf volatiles (GLVs) are key contributors to fruit aroma and plant defense, yet their accumulation during fruit ripening and across tissues remains understudied in Rosaceae berries. In this study, GLV profiles of the LOX-HPL pathway were compared between leaves, unripe, half-ripe, and ripe fruit of commercial strawberry (Fragaria ananassa), raspberry (Rubus idaeus), blackberry (Rubus sp.), and woodland strawberry (Fragaria vesca) using HS-SPME–GC–MS. Eleven GLVs were identified, exhibiting strong species- and ripening-dependent variation. Odor activity value analysis showed that grassy aldehydes were the main predicted GLV contributors to aroma in ripe raspberry and blackberry samples, as opposed to fruity esters in ripe strawberry samples. However, differences in outdoor growth and harvest conditions should be considered when interpreting interspecies comparisons. Multivariate analyses suggest that GLVs may discriminate between ripening stages and reveal patterns of co-variation between (Z)-3-hexenal, (E,E)-2,4-hexadienal, and 4-oxohex-2-enal. Berry leaves contained substantially higher total GLVs and distinct compositions compared to fruit, such as the alcohol-rich profile of blackberry leaves, consistent with tissue- and species-associated differences in GLV profiles. 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