6359f4f1575ffeb4b780e5b3a622e2d1 sensors_26_03838_v2.pdf c7285bd71e11137e9cad5ca49bdf763b63370753 sensors_26_03838_v2.pdf 501bd96bc159556e3b5b2417aaa8d39185f0301f0578e86a89925a965ea4f030 sensors_26_03838_v2.pdf Title: Color Crosstalk Correction in Linear Stokes Imaging Using a Color Polarization Camera with Simultaneous Three Wavelengths Illumination Subject: Polarimetric color cameras are a forefront technology that simultaneously captures polarimetric and color information by analyzing polarization states across different color channels, commonly red, green, and blue. In general, each of these color channels can carry different polarization information. Therefore, measuring the polarization Stokes vector at several discrete wavelengths simultaneously and with the highest possible resolution is of interest in multiple research areas. However, when a commercial color polarization sensor is used under simultaneous narrowband RGB illumination mode, its channels cannot be assumed to represent independent wavelength channels. Spectral overlap of the color filters introduces color crosstalk between wavelength-dependent analyzer intensities, which may bias the reconstructed Stokes parameters if it is not corrected before polarimetric inversion. Several methods have been proposed in the literature to address the color crosstalk problem but they typically assume that the polarization state is identical for all wavelengths. This assumption does not generally hold for real samples, which exhibit wavelength-dependent depolarization, retardance, and dichroism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work presenting a method that addresses the color crosstalk problem without assuming that the polarization state is identical across all wavelengths. In addition, Fourier domain demosaicking techniques are applied to interpolate the data and reconstruct the images. The present study demonstrates how the proposed method leads to an accurate recovery of chromatic and polarimetric information on both synthetic and real-world datasets. To test our approach, narrowband light beams at three wavelengths (470, 554, 630 nm), with different spatial polarization and degree of linear polarization distributions, have been simulated and validated with simulated and experimental data. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the method for accurate three polarization channels measurements. Keywords: optical polarization; Stokes parameters; polarization cameras Author: Manal Altaweel, Judit Bisbal-Amat, Juan Campos, Ángel Lizana and Irene Estévez Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.25; modified using OpenPDF 1.4.2 CreationDate: Wed Jun 17 10:59:30 2026 CEST ModDate: Wed Jun 17 11:16:32 2026 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 20 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 18808516 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- EQZNTF+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 108 0 KDXUWF+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 109 0 PTVXMF+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 110 0 MIKRSI+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 111 0 PSCUPV+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 166 0 HVSBKL+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 202 0 DPAJDG+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 159 0 DPAJBE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 160 0 DPAJCF+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 161 0 FKPFBV+PazoMath-Italic Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 251 0 QWELMP+CMEX10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 252 0 SOSTRQ+CMR10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 253 0 DPAJDG+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 316 0 DPAJBE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 317 0 DPAJCF+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 318 0 DPAJDG+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 296 0 DPAJBE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 297 0 DPAJCF+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 298 0 DPAJDG+PalatinoLinotype-Italic CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 324 0 DPAJBE+PalatinoLinotype-Bold CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 325 0 DPAJCF+PalatinoLinotype-Roman CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 326 0 XQSONM+EURM10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 407 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2026-07-17 04:44:02 CEST RepresentationInformation: sensors_26_03838_v2.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2026-07-16 11:18:28 CEST Size: 18808516 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 550 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: true CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Item: Title: Materials and Methods Children: Item: Title: Color Polarimetric Camera Model Item: Title: Mathematical Formalism of Color Polarimetric Camera Model Item: Title: Results and Validation Children: Item: Title: Reconstruction Pipeline and Polarimetric Data Reduction Item: Title: Simulation of Color Crosstalk Effects Item: Title: Quantitative RGB Comparison in Simulation Item: Title: Robustness to Noise and Color Crosstalk Matrix Perturbations Item: Title: Experimental Validation Under Sequential and Simultaneous Illumination Item: Title: Quantitative Validation of the Experimental Color Crosstalk Correction Item: Title: Final Remarks Item: Title: References Info: Title: Color Crosstalk Correction in Linear Stokes Imaging Using a Color Polarization Camera with Simultaneous Three Wavelengths Illumination Author: Manal Altaweel, Judit Bisbal-Amat, Juan Campos, Ángel Lizana and Irene Estévez Subject: Polarimetric color cameras are a forefront technology that simultaneously captures polarimetric and color information by analyzing polarization states across different color channels, commonly red, green, and blue. In general, each of these color channels can carry different polarization information. Therefore, measuring the polarization Stokes vector at several discrete wavelengths simultaneously and with the highest possible resolution is of interest in multiple research areas. However, when a commercial color polarization sensor is used under simultaneous narrowband RGB illumination mode, its channels cannot be assumed to represent independent wavelength channels. Spectral overlap of the color filters introduces color crosstalk between wavelength-dependent analyzer intensities, which may bias the reconstructed Stokes parameters if it is not corrected before polarimetric inversion. Several methods have been proposed in the literature to address the color crosstalk problem but they typically assume that the polarization state is identical for all wavelengths. This assumption does not generally hold for real samples, which exhibit wavelength-dependent depolarization, retardance, and dichroism. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work presenting a method that addresses the color crosstalk problem without assuming that the polarization state is identical across all wavelengths. In addition, Fourier domain demosaicking techniques are applied to interpolate the data and reconstruct the images. The present study demonstrates how the proposed method leads to an accurate recovery of chromatic and polarimetric information on both synthetic and real-world datasets. To test our approach, narrowband light beams at three wavelengths (470, 554, 630 nm), with different spatial polarization and degree of linear polarization distributions, have been simulated and validated with simulated and experimental data. The results demonstrate the feasibility of the method for accurate three polarization channels measurements. 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