1a3da828ff69156ac482d3785081d96c 26TV31_FrontMicrobiol_Caparros-Ruiz_pub.pdf e008b972d336b0c60744d8c8725659d8c76084db 26TV31_FrontMicrobiol_Caparros-Ruiz_pub.pdf 1157437dbb720991da5aba835ee966d6933d3a27e7a32567d12116fbb1f0fef6 26TV31_FrontMicrobiol_Caparros-Ruiz_pub.pdf Title: A conserved vdcBCD cluster encoding a vanillate/p-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase catalyzes the formation of phenol from p-hydroxybenzoate in the cork-associated Streptomyces graminifolii B37 strain Subject: Ruiz-Muñoz M, Cobos R, Calvo-Peña C, Callado-Tejerina P, Caparrós-Ruiz D, Roselló J and Coque JJR (2026) A conserved vdcBCD cluster encoding a vanillate/p-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase catalyzes the formation of phenol from p-hydroxybenzoate in the cork-associated Streptomyces graminifolii B37 strain Front. Microbiol. 17:1913779. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1913779 Keywords: aromatic acid decarboxylation, comparative genomics, cork taint, heterologous expression, Streptomyces, vanillate decarboxylase, yellow stain Author: Marina Ruiz-Muñoz Creator: LaTeX with hyperref package Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.16 CreationDate: Wed Aug 12 13:47:19 2026 CEST ModDate: Mon Aug 17 13:20:29 2026 CEST Custom Metadata: yes Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 17 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 10511481 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- LTJGFY+MinionPro-Regular Type 1 Custom yes yes no 3171 0 WAHABE+MuseoSans-700 Type 1 Custom yes yes no 3173 0 AZOJBM+MuseoSans-300 Type 1 Custom yes yes no 3175 0 UIAWHM+MuseoSans-300Italic Type 1 Custom yes yes no 3177 0 DVISJF+MuseoSans-500 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JHCXXL+MinionPro-It Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 274 0 MNBAWH+MTSYN Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 281 0 LTJGFY+MinionPro-Regular Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 279 0 DVISJF+MuseoSans-500 Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 277 0 JHCXXL+MinionPro-It Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 271 0 VMYDLJ+MTGU Type 1 Builtin yes yes yes 278 0 LTJGFY+MinionPro-Regular Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 268 0 DVISJF+MuseoSans-500 Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 269 0 JHCXXL+MinionPro-It Type 1 Custom yes yes yes 267 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2026-09-23 04:02:29 CEST RepresentationInformation: 26TV31_FrontMicrobiol_Caparros-Ruiz_pub.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2026-09-22 13:14:32 CEST Size: 10511481 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 0 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: true NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseOutlines Language: en Outlines: Item: Title: A conserved vdcBCD cluster encoding a vanillate/p-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase catalyzes the formation of phenol from p-hydroxybenzoate in the cork-associated Streptomyces graminifolii B37 strain Children: Item: Title: 1 Introduction Item: Title: 2 Materials and methods Children: Item: Title: 2.1 Bacterial strains, plasmids and culture conditions Item: Title: 2.2 Genome sequencing, assembly and annotation Item: Title: 2.3 Phylogenomic analysis Item: Title: 2.4 Pangenome construction and gene-content analysis Item: Title: 2.5 Functional annotation, enrichment analysis and curation of aromatic-compound-processing genes Item: Title: 2.6 Identification and genomic context of the vdcBCD aromatic acid decarboxylation locus Item: Title: 2.7 Heterologous expression of the VDC gene cluster Children: Item: Title: 2.7.1 Primer design and PCR amplification Item: Title: 2.7.2 Construction of the recombinant plasmid Item: Title: 2.7.3 Preparation of Streptomyces protoplasts Item: Title: 2.7.4 Transformation of S. lividans protoplasts Item: Title: 2.8 Aromatic acid decarboxylation assays Item: Title: 2.9 Statistical analysis Item: Title: 3 Results Children: Item: Title: 3.1 Genome features and phylogenomic placement of strain B37 Item: Title: 3.2 Pangenome structure and accessory gene-content relationships among strain B37 and closely related streptomyces genomes Item: Title: 3.3 Comparative accessory-gene profiling suggests enrichment of aromatic-compound-processing traits in the VDC+ genomic group Item: Title: 3.4 Conservation and genomic context of the vdcBCD aromatic acid decarboxylation module Item: Title: 3.5 Functional validation of the vdcBCD cluster by heterologous expression Item: Title: 4 Discussion Item: Title: Data availability statement Item: Title: Author contributions Item: Title: Funding Item: Title: Acknowledgments Item: Title: Conflict of interest Item: Title: Generative AI statement Item: Title: Publisher's note Item: Title: Supplementary material Item: Title: References Filters: FilterPipeline: FlateDecode FilterPipeline: DCTDecode Images: Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 7692 ImageHeight: 3121 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Interpolate: true Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 3710 ImageHeight: 1783 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Interpolate: true Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg CompressionScheme: JPEG ImageWidth: 4141 ImageHeight: 1505 BitsPerSample: 8 BitsPerSampleUnit: integer Intent: RelativeColorimetric Interpolate: true Image: NisoImageMetadata: FormatName: image/jpg 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Differences: true ToUnicode: true XMP: aromatic acid decarboxylation, comparative genomics, cork taint, heterologous expression, Streptomyces, vanillate decarboxylase, yellow stain pdfTeX-1.40.16 1.5 True https://www.frontiersin.org/legal/copyright-statement application/pdf fmicb-17-1913779.tex A conserved vdcBCD cluster encoding a vanillate/p-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase catalyzes the formation of phenol from p-hydroxybenzoate in the cork-associated Streptomyces graminifolii B37 strain Ruiz-Muñoz M, Cobos R, Calvo-Peña C, Callado-Tejerina P, Caparrós-Ruiz D, Roselló J and Coque JJR (2026) A conserved vdcBCD cluster encoding a vanillate/p-hydroxybenzoate decarboxylase catalyzes the formation of phenol from p-hydroxybenzoate in the cork-associated Streptomyces graminifolii B37 strain Front. Microbiol. 17:1913779. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2026.1913779 Copyright © 2026 Ruiz-Muñoz, Cobos, Calvo-Peña, Callado-Tejerina, Caparrós-Ruiz, Roselló and Coque. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. Marina Ruiz-Muñoz Rebeca Cobos Carla Calvo-Peña Paola Callado-Tejerina David Caparrós-Ruiz Jordi Roselló Juan José R. Coque 2026-08-12T17:17:19+05:30 aromatic acid decarboxylation comparative genomics cork taint heterologous expression Streptomyces vanillate decarboxylase yellow stain 2026-08-12T17:17:19+05:30 2026-08-17T13:20:29+02:00 2026-08-17T13:20:29+02:00 LaTeX with hyperref package uuid:ce467590-ae41-4395-95f7-a39bbb18d754 uuid:4e5298f2-da21-4167-a989-4486a3e35d31 fullyTagged 2026-08-12T13:39:07+00:00 pdfMakeAccessible (Linux) version=1.1410.0, ma=1.1211.0, hinter=1.137.0, pageSegmentation=55, tableStructure=5 uuid:a5cdfa40-85ea-4e41-8cae-547d9fb66ee5 Downgraded 2026-08-12T13:39:08+00:00 pdfDowngradeTool (Linux) version 1.7 uuid:3f515aa2-c04e-11b2-0a00-b8b0393768b3 Pages: Page: Sequence: 1 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 48, 752, 248, 802 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 433, 781, 514, 790 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 433, 772, 525, 781 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 433, 761, 547, 772 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 48, 687, 126, 704 Annotation: Subtype: Link Rect: 56, 540, 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