e603315d49dc2ca4ead6091416caa9af ijsp-4079-piqueras-leza.pdf e2a21771fa11f13dafccb8e08214dfc350830d57 ijsp-4079-piqueras-leza.pdf ad6fe2e79f1399a783e653add4c2b5e2ef45e1cd7c26674e524262d8b65fb648 ijsp-4079-piqueras-leza.pdf Title: How do LGBTQ+ adolescents construct safe spaces and support networks? A multi-method participatory approach Subject: This study explores how LGBTQ+ adolescents build their safe spaces and support networks, highlighting the social and emotional dimensions that shape their everyday experiences. Taking a multi-method participatory approach, the research combines 26 photovoice narratives, geolocation mapping and timeline analysis. These various methodologies allowed the co-construction of knowledge with the participants, who actively defined and interpreted the environments they consider safe. The findings show that both digital and physical safe spaces are characterised by interpersonal bonds that foster protection, trust and mutual respect. Social capital formation occurs primarily through small, homogeneous peer networks, particularly within leisure contexts. Formal educational settings are absent from participants’ narratives. This study demonstrates the importance of involving LGBTQ+ adolescents and, where appropriate, their families, as co-investigators, allowing institutions to learn from their lived experiences. The methodological design offers transferable information to create more inclusive and responsive youth-centred spaces in diverse settings. Keywords: LGTBQ+ adolescents; social capital; safe spaces; participatory research; non-formal context; leisure contexts Author: Roberte Piqueras-Leza and Paloma Valdivia-Vizarreta Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: xdvipdfmx (20200315) CreationDate: Thu Sep 24 04:48:49 2026 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 23 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.28 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2184091 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.5 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- LKKHKE+AvenirLTStd-Heavy-Identity-H CID Type 0C Identity-H yes yes yes 6 0 GUYSRV+AvenirLTStd-Light-Identity-H CID Type 0C Identity-H yes yes yes 14 0 UPPDOO+AvenirLTStd-Medium-Identity-H CID Type 0C Identity-H yes yes yes 16 0 AOKYCU+AvenirLTStd-LightOblique-Identity-H CID Type 0C Identity-H yes yes yes 26 0 ZVKAPV+CMSY10 Type 1C Builtin yes 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