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Sci. 13:1783624. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1783624 Author: Margarida Arede Creator: Adobe InDesign 19.5 (Windows) Producer: Adobe PDF Library 17.0 CreationDate: Wed Mar 11 12:47:57 2026 CET ModDate: Wed Mar 11 12:48:05 2026 CET Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: yes Tagged: yes UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 13 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 1840502 bytes Optimized: yes PDF version: 1.6 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- MDQRUQ+MuseoSans-500 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1541 0 JWHZEW+MuseoSans-700 Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 1551 0 GUTHOC+MuseoSans-300 Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 1552 0 DNFPYI+MuseoSans-300Italic Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 1559 0 CJQJKK+MinionPro-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 138 0 BDWOWM+MinionPro-It Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 133 0 KMCGSU+STIXGeneral-Regular Type 1C Custom yes yes yes 144 0 IJDUQY+SymbolMT CID TrueType Identity-H yes yes yes 150 0 HFTOCA+MinionPro-Regular Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes no 149 0 GBEIOC+MuseoSans-500Italic Type 1C WinAnsi yes yes yes 151 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2026-10-08 03:57:30 CEST RepresentationInformation: FVS_a2026m3v13p1783624.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2026-10-07 07:48:26 CEST Size: 1840502 Format: PDF Version: 1.6 Status: Well-Formed, but not valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul ErrorMessage: Annotation object is not a dictionary ID: PDF-HUL-114 Offset: 65068 MIMEtype: application/pdf Profile: Linearized PDF PDFMetadata: Objects: 1586 FreeObjects: 1294 IncrementalUpdates: 1 DocumentCatalog: ViewerPreferences: HideToolbar: false HideMenubar: false HideWindowUI: false FitWindow: false CenterWindow: false DisplayDocTitle: false NonFullScreenPageMode: UseNone Direction: L2R ViewArea: CropBox ViewClip: CropBox PrintArea: CropBox PageClip: CropBox PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Language: en-US Outlines: Item: Title: Risk mapping of peste des petits ruminants virus spread in nine countries surrounding the black sea: a spatial multicriteria decision analysis approach Children: Item: Title: Introduction Item: Title: Materials and methods Children: Item: Title: Definition of the study region Item: Title: Small ruminant production Item: Title: PPR status, surveillance and control Item: Title: Definition of objective Item: Title: Identification of risk factors Item: Title: Collection of georeferenced data and geoprocessing of RF layers Item: Title: Risk factor weight elicitation Item: Title: Generation of risk factor weights Item: Title: Standardization of risk factor layers Item: Title: Combination of the spatial layers and creation of a suitability map Item: Title: Validation Item: Title: Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis Item: Title: Spatial agreement of 2024–2025 PPR outbreaks with final suitability map Item: Title: Results Children: Item: Title: Weight calculation and suitability map Item: Title: Validation Item: Title: Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis Item: Title: Recent PPR outbreaks in the study region and neighboring countries and overlay with the suitability map Item: Title: Discussion Item: Title: Conclusion Item: Title: Acknowledgments Item: Title: References Info: Title: Risk mapping of peste des petits ruminants virus spread in nine countries surrounding the black sea: a spatial multicriteria decision analysis approach Author: Margarida Arede Subject: Arede M, Beltrán-Alcrudo D, Benfield C, Casal J, Felix N, Ciaravino G and Allepuz A (2026) Risk mapping of peste des petits ruminants virus spread in nine countries surrounding the black sea: a spatial multicriteria decision analysis approach. 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Allepuz A (2026) Risk mapping of peste des petits ruminants virus spread in nine countries surrounding the black sea: a spatial multicriteria decision analysis approach. Front. Vet. Sci. 13:1783624. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2026.1783624 disease spread Eurasia GIS-MCDA PPR small ruminants Copyright © 2026 Arede, Beltrán-Alcrudo, Benfield, Casal, Felix, Ciaravino and Allepuz. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. 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