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Post-growth can be seen as an umbrella term that includes various approaches such as steady-state economics, wellbeing economics, doughnut eco渀漀洀椀挀猀 愀渀搀 搀攀最爀漀眀琀栀 䬀愀氀氀椀猀 攀琀 愀氀⸀ ㈀　㈀㔀 ⸀ 圀栀攀爀攀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀猀攀 昀椀攀氀搀猀 挀漀渀瘀攀爀最攀 椀猀 漀渀 琀栀攀 渀攀攀搀 琀漀 猀琀甀搀礀 栀漀眀 攀挀漀渀漀洀椀攀猀 挀愀渀 瀀爀漀猀瀀攀爀 眀thout growth and achieve well ­ being without growth and within planetary boundaries. Degrowth is the more radical subset of po猀琀ⴀ最爀漀眀琀栀 猀琀甀搀椀攀猀Ⰰ 挀漀渀挀攀爀渀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 瀀氀愀渀 관 渀椀渀最 搀爀愀猀琀椀挀 爀攀搀甀挀琀椀漀渀猀 漀昀 爀攀猀漀甀爀挀攀 甀猀攀 愀渀搀 洀漀瘀椀渀最 戀攀礀漀渀搀 挀愀瀀椀琀愀氀 관 椀猀琀 漀爀最愀渀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀 漀 economies. In terms of research questions, models and policy proposals, however, degrowth and other post-growth fields largely 漀瘀攀爀氀愀瀀⸩⽄敳琨ㄱ㘲㕟㈰㈶弱㤰ㅟ䅲瑩捬攮楮摤㩄敳瑟䙯潴湯瑥弳㌳㍟㈷㤷ㄺㄲ㐩⽆‴⽈⽎⽒散瑛㐹㌮〹㐠㌳〮㜶㈠㐹㘮㔹㐠㌱㜮㍝⽓瑲畣瑐慲敮琠ㄴ⽓畢瑹灥⽌楮欯呹灥⽁湮潴㸾൥湤潢樍ㄶ㘴‰扪഼㰯䉂潸嬰⸰‰⸰″⸵‱⸰崯䙩汴敲⽆污瑥䑥捯摥⽌敮杴栠ㄵ⽒敳潵牣敳㰼㸾⽓畢瑹灥⽆潲洯呹灥⽘佢橥捴㸾獴牥慭ഊ䢉刨合࠰甁഍੥湤獴牥慭൥湤潢樍ㄶ㘵‰扪഼㰯䅐㰼⽎‱㘶㘠〠刾㸯䉓㰼⽓⽓⽔祰支䉯牤敲⽗‰㸾⽂潲摥牛〠〠そ⽃潮瑥湴猨㈰㈴ Rect: 518, 255, 538, 242 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2024 Rect: 518, 255, 538, 242 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 1 Rect: 306, 225, 309, 213 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 1637 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2 Rect: 306, 192, 309, 181 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 1637 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2025 Rect: 351, 152, 368, 141 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 236, 318, 256, 304 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2024 Rect: 51, 305, 71, 292 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2015 Rect: 207, 205, 227, 192 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2015 Rect: 266, 205, 286, 192 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 2 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2024 Rect: 212, 93, 224, 76 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2024 Rect: 294, 103, 305, 86 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 3 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2025 Rect: 185, 103, 196, 86 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2025 Rect: 416, 93, 428, 76 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 4 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2024 Rect: 309, 605, 329, 592 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2021 Rect: 501, 455, 521, 442 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2005 Rect: 406, 368, 426, 354 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: What is degrowth research? 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Rect: 306, 343, 343, 329 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 13 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: The outlier: Savin and van den Bergh’s negative evaluation of degrowth research Rect: 452, 280, 544, 267 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 23 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: The outlier: Savin and van den Bergh’s negative evaluation of degrowth research Rect: 306, 268, 540, 254 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 23 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: Four more system ­ atic reviews of degrowth Rect: 466, 230, 544, 217 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 39 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: Four more system ­ atic reviews of degrowth Rect: 306, 218, 408, 204 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 39 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: Conclusions: nine core findings Rect: 411, 193, 539, 179 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 55 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2025 Rect: 175, 92, 187, 75 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 5 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 1 Rect: 140, 705, 145, 692 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 1 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 164, 530, 184, 517 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 263, 530, 283, 517 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 3 3 A-growth, i.e. ignoring growth, is a third, normative option—i.e. a nation may opt for pursuing desirable environmental and social poli ­ cies independent of their effect on GDP growth (Van den Bergh and Kallis 2012 ). No matter, however, whether G䐀倀 最爀漀眀琀栀 椀猀 椀最渀漀爀攀搀 漀爀 渀漀琀Ⰰ 琀栀攀爀攀 挀愀渀 漀渀氀礀 戀攀 琀眀漀 漀甀琀挀漀洀攀猠᐀攀椀琀栀攀爀 琀栀攀 猀漀挀椀愀氀 愀渀搀 攀渀瘀椀爀漀渀 관 洀攀渀琀愀氀 最漀愀氀猀 愀爀攀 洀攀琀 愀渀搀 䜀䐀倀 最爀漀眀猀Ⰰin which case we have green growth, or GDP doesn’t grow, and then we have something akin to degrowth. 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Rect: 387, 180, 505, 167 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 13 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 9 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2021 Rect: 51, 555, 71, 542 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2021 Rect: 263, 193, 283, 179 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2009 Rect: 346, 305, 366, 292 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2009 Rect: 325, 230, 345, 217 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 10 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 4 4 The article-by-article review of a few selected degrowth studies at the annex of SV’s paper is particularly striking. SV make comments in the annexed table as if they are editors of a journal desc-rejecting a paper, commenting on what they think is 琀栀攀 眀攀愀欀渀攀猀猀 漀昀 漀渀攀 漀爀 琀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 愀氀爀攀愀搀礀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 愀渀搀 瀀攀攀爀ⴀ爀攀瘀椀攀眀攀搀 猀琀甀搀礀⸀ 䄀 氀椀琀攀爀愀琀甀爀攀 爀攀瘀椀攀眀 洀甀猀琀 猀甀爀攀氀礀 攀渀最愀最攀 挀爀椀琀椀挀愀氀氀礀 眀th the claims and evidence of the pub ­ lished studies it reviews. But that is not what this annex does: SV give short opinions 愀戀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 洀攀琀栀漀搀猀 漀爀 氀愀渀最甀愀最攀 漀爀 洀椀猀琀愀欀攀猀 琀栀攀礀 瀀攀爀 관 挀攀椀瘀攀 漀昀 愀氀爀攀愀搀礀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 瀀愀瀀攀爀猀 挀爀椀琀椀挀椀稀椀渀最 昀漀爀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀 焀甀攀猀琀椀漀渀猀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀搀 椀渀 猀甀爀瘀攀礀猀Ⰰ 琀椀琀氀攀猀 漀昀 瀀愀瀀攀爀猀Ⰰ 漀爀 猀攀渀琀攀渀挀攀猀 愀渀搀 琀攀爀洀猀 甀猀攀搀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 椀猀 漀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀 氀椀琀攀爀愀琀甀爀攀 爀攀瘀椀攀眀猀 琀栀愀琀 眀攀 栀愀瘀攀 挀漀洀攀 愀挀爀漀猀猀 琀栀愀琀 椀渀搀椀爀攀挀琀氀礀 焀甀攀猀琀椀漀渀猀 琀栀攀 瘀愀氀椀搀椀琀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 瀀攀攀爀 爀攀瘀椀攀眀 瀀爀漀挀攀猀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 樀漀甀爀渀愀氀猀 椀琀 爀攀瘀椀攀眀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 愀渀漀渀礀洀漀甀猀 爀攀瘀椀攀ers that conducted these reviews. No doubt the studies at stake may have imperfections or debatable methodological choices. But 椀昀 琀栀攀礀 眀攀爀攀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 愀昀琀攀爀 愀 瀀攀攀爀ⴀ爀攀瘀椀攀眀 瀀爀漀挀攀猀猀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 愀猀猀甀洀瀀琀椀漀渀 椀猀 琀栀愀琀 漀渀 戀愀氀愀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 瀀愀瀀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀椀爀 愀甀琀栀漀爀猀 搀椀搀 愀 最漀漀搀 nough job in defending their points and choices. That the journal Ecological Economics published a review criticizing the quali琀礀 漀昀 瀀愀瀀攀爀猀 琀栀攀 樀漀甀爀渀愀氀 椀琀猀攀氀昀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 椀猀 猀漀洀攀 관 眀栀愀琀 瀀攀爀瀀氀攀砀椀渀最⸩⽄敳琨ㄱ㘲㕟㈰㈶弱㤰ㅟ䅲瑩捬攮楮摤㩄敳瑟䙯潴湯瑥弳㌳㍟㈷㤷㠺ㄲ㠩⽆‴⽈⽎⽒散瑛㈳㌮㐷㔠㜱㠮㈶㈠㈳㘮㤷㔠㜰㐮㡝⽓瑲畣瑐慲敮琠㠴⽓畢瑹灥⽌楮欯呹灥⽁湮潴㸾൥湤潢樍㈵㜠〠潢樍㰼⽁值㰯丠㈶㌠〠刾㸯䉓㰼⽓⽓⽔祰支䉯牤敲⽗‰㸾⽂潲摥牛〠〠そ⽃潮瑥湴猨㈰ㄸ Rect: 324, 468, 344, 454 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2022 Rect: 87, 680, 107, 667 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 127, 643, 147, 629 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 4 Rect: 51, 272, 53, 261 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 35 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2018 Rect: 324, 468, 344, 454 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2016 Rect: 489, 293, 509, 279 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 306, 130, 326, 117 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 11 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2006 Rect: 161, 730, 181, 717 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2019 Rect: 118, 705, 138, 692 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2021 Rect: 222, 705, 242, 692 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2020 Rect: 218, 443, 238, 429 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 5 5 SV discuss the D’Alessandro et al. study, the only actually included in their sample that does not have the word degrowth in the title (a question pends on why not include more important studies like that where degrowth does not feature in the title). Their critique, more a matter of opinion than fact, is that they don’t trust dynamic system models because of too many hidden assumptions (a valid critique, but of course valid for most types of models, including the agent-based models SV prefer to use). SV claim also that the degrowth policy strat ­ egy modelled leads to high public debt, therefore it is unfeasible. What they omit is that the degrowth strategy performs better than the other strategies, including green growth, and that public debt in 琀栀攀 洀漀搀攀氀 瀀氀愀琀攀愀甀猀 愀琀 氀攀瘀攀氀猀 挀漀洀瀀愀爀愀戀氀攀 椀昀 渀漀琀 氀漀眀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 琀栀漀猀攀 漀昀 挀漀甀渀琀爀椀攀猀 氀椀欀攀 䨀愀瀀愀渀 漀爀 䤀琀愀氀礀 琀漀搀愀礀⸀ 䴀漀搀攀爀渀 䴀漀渀攀琀愀爀礀 吀栀攀漀爀礀also suggests that the supply of public money is not a limiting factor if sufficient labour and resources are directed to the g漀愀氀 愀琀 猀琀愀欀攀 伀氀欀 攀琀 愀氀⸀ ㈀　㈀㌀⸀ 䘀椀渀愀氀氀礀Ⰰ 攀瘀攀渀 椀昀 瀀甀戀氀椀挀 搀攀戀琀 椀渀 愀 搀攀最爀漀眀琀栀 猀挀攀渀愀爀椀漀 椀猀 瘀攀爀礀 栀椀最栀 愀渀搀 琀栀椀猀 椀猀 愀 瀀爀漀戀氀攀洀Ⰰ 琀栀椀猀 愀plies pretty much to any other policy or strategy to combat climate change and social problems—a policy must have some negative 愀猀瀀攀挀琀 漀爀 甀渀搀攀猀椀爀愀戀氀攀 猀椀搀攀 攀昀昀攀挀琀Ⰰ 漀琀栀攀爀眀椀猀攀 漀渀攀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 猀甀猀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀攀 洀漀搀攀氀 椀琀猀攀氀昀⸩⽄敳琨ㄱ㘲㕟㈰㈶弱㤰ㅟ䅲瑩捬攮楮摤㩄敳瑟䙯潴湯瑥弳㌳㍟㈷㤸㌺ㄳ〩⽆‴⽈⽎⽒散瑛㈴㐮㈰㐠㐴㌮㈶㈠㈴㜮㜰㐠㐲㤮㡝⽓瑲畣瑐慲敮琠㤵⽓畢瑹灥⽌楮欯呹灥⽁湮潴㸾൥湤潢樍㈸㘠〠潢樍㰼⽁值㰯丠㈸㠠〠刾㸯䉓㰼⽓⽓⽔祰支䉯牤敲⽗‰㸾⽂潲摥牛〠〠そ⽃潮瑥湴猨㈰㈳ Rect: 225, 393, 245, 379 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 85, 393, 105, 379 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2022 Rect: 111, 393, 131, 379 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 225, 393, 245, 379 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 164, 380, 184, 367 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2025 Rect: 147, 305, 167, 292 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 5 Rect: 51, 272, 53, 261 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 39 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2026 Rect: 456, 680, 476, 667 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2025 Rect: 306, 668, 326, 654 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2026 Rect: 382, 668, 402, 654 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 71 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2026 Rect: 416, 643, 436, 629 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2026 Rect: 512, 643, 532, 629 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: What is degrowth research? 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521, 393, 541, 379 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2022 Rect: 363, 380, 383, 367 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 492, 380, 512, 367 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2024 Rect: 358, 368, 378, 354 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 6 6 “Public policy should stop pursuing economic growth. Production and consumption need to be reduced in an equitable way to achieve environmental sustainability.” Rect: 540, 143, 544, 129 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 51 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 6 Rect: 306, 102, 309, 91 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 51 Thumb: true Page: Sequence: 15 Annotations: Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2016 Rect: 96, 680, 116, 667 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 63 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 7 7 “Public policy should ignore economic growth as a policy aim, that is, be completely neutral about growth. This will amplify the policy spectrum to combine well-being and environmental sustainability goals.” Rect: 122, 680, 126, 667 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 55 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 126, 643, 146, 629 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2012 Rect: 263, 518, 283, 504 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2025 Rect: 263, 330, 283, 317 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2025 Rect: 263, 255, 283, 242 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2023 Rect: 263, 218, 283, 204 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 67 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 7 Rect: 51, 112, 53, 101 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 55 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: 2 Rect: 362, 543, 367, 529 Flags: Print AppearanceDictionary: true Destination: 43 Annotation: Subtype: Link Contents: What is degrowth research? 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