Late radiation tissue injury, manifesting as hemorrhagic cystitis, continues to complicate therapeutic radiation procedures for pelvic malignancies. To date, no effective therapy has been identified. This unsatisfactory state of affairs is readily apparent when one considers the wide-ranging therapies that have been proposed and tried. In essentially every instance, these interventions address presenting symptoms rather than underlying pathology. Perhaps the most helpful palliative measure has been the intravesical installation of formalin or phenol. This is not without serious side effects, however, and frequently exacerbates underlying bladder fibrosis.