Some cases of lymphogranulomatosis are the result of EBV infection. EBV-related lymphogranulomatosis usually occurs in patients with immunodeficiency, whereas lymphogranulomatosis occurring in healthy hosts is usually not EBV related. Depending upon the intensity, rapidity, and completeness of the T-lymphocyte response, malignancy may result if EBV-induced B-lymphocyte proliferation is uncontrolled.