55d2409037852d4dafb48dd679aca0bc 26.pdf 06389bfe190c0641f1f9d1c645772b7e6c272847 26.pdf c21c0776afd209f3bba6196db66131dc870011c3413eb65733171799e55b14f5 26.pdf Title: Life Cycle Assessment of Concrete Production within a Circular Economy Perspective Subject: The pursuit of sustainability in the construction and demolition (C&D) sector calls for effective decision-making strategies, both in terms of technical and environmental sustainability, capable of mitigating its huge demand for resources and emissions to the environment. The recycling of C&D waste is one of the potential solutions that could reduce the extraction of virgin materials as well as waste generation and landfilling. This study evaluates and compares, by means of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach, the production of concrete via five different mixtures made up of coarse natural aggregates (NA, primary, virgin materials), and coarse recycled concrete aggregates (RCA, recovered from previous uses). The present study assesses the environmental load of concrete production, by means of mixtures containing only coarse NA and mixtures with coarse RCA produced in fixed and mobile treatment plants, to be replaced with 30% and 100% of coarse NA by weight. The results point out that the use of coarse RCA in concrete mixtures provide greater energy savings and environmental advantages compared to the concrete with only coarse NA; the improvement increases up to a 100% replacement rate by weight of coarse NA with coarse RCA in the mixtures. In this case, the reduction of the impacts is significant for some impact categories such as freshwater ecotoxicity (-63.4%), marine ecotoxicity (-76.8%), human carcinogenic toxicity (-27.1%), human non-carcinogenic toxicity (-77.9%), land use (11.6%), and water consumption (-17.3%), while the total CED impacts decreases by about 10% and that of GWP by 0.4%. Results are discussed in light of the urgent need for advancing circular economy concepts and practices in the C&D sector and decrease the large use of primary resources (in particular sand and gravel). The replacement of NA with RA by weight could contribute to reducing the impacts of the C&DW management and disposal. For this to happen, further improvement of the quality of recycled aggregates is essential for their market development as well as dedicated policies and legislations. Keywords: coarse natural aggregate; coarse recycled concrete aggregate; construction and demolition waste; life cycle assessment; circular economy Author: Roberto Cerchione, Francesco Colangelo, Ilenia Farina, Patrizia Ghisellini, Renato Passaro and Sergio Ulgiati Creator: LaTeX with hyperref Producer: pdfTeX-1.40.21 CreationDate: Tue Jul 25 09:48:03 2023 CEST ModDate: Tue Jul 25 09:51:09 2023 CEST Custom Metadata: no Metadata Stream: no Tagged: no UserProperties: no Suspects: no Form: none JavaScript: no Pages: 19 Encrypted: no Page size: 595.276 x 841.89 pts (A4) Page rot: 0 File size: 2089593 bytes Optimized: no PDF version: 1.7 name type encoding emb sub uni object ID ------------------------------------ ----------------- ---------------- --- --- --- --------- JHYLDW+URWPalladioL-Bold Type 1 Custom yes yes no 10 0 LEGDRS+URWPalladioL-Roma Type 1 Custom yes yes no 15 0 ZNNSQX+URWPalladioL-Ital Type 1 Custom yes yes no 19 0 IYELBM+CMSY10 Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 23 0 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MacRoman yes yes no 305 0 UJUUJI+PazoMath Type 1 Builtin yes yes no 318 0 XYABOM+VnURWPalladioL Type 1 Custom yes yes no 331 0 Jhove (Rel. 1.28.0, 2023-05-18) Date: 2024-10-24 02:42:02 CEST RepresentationInformation: 26.pdf ReportingModule: PDF-hul, Rel. 1.12.4 (2023-03-16) LastModified: 2024-10-03 12:57:48 CEST Size: 2089593 Format: PDF Version: 1.7 Status: Well-Formed and valid SignatureMatches: PDF-hul MIMEtype: application/pdf PDFMetadata: Objects: 565 FreeObjects: 1 IncrementalUpdates: 0 DocumentCatalog: PageLayout: SinglePage PageMode: UseNone Outlines: Item: Title: Introduction Destination: section.1 Item: Title: Materials and Methods Destination: section.2 Children: Item: Title: Analyzed Mixtures of This Study Destination: subsection.2.1 Item: Title: Life Cycle Assessment Destination: subsection.2.2 Children: Item: Title: Goal and Scope Definition Destination: subsubsection.2.2.1 Item: Title: Life Cycle Inventory Destination: subsubsection.2.2.2 Item: Title: Life Cycle Impact Assessment (LCIA) Destination: subsubsection.2.2.3 Item: Title: Results Destination: section.3 Children: Item: Title: Life Cycle Energy Impacts (CED) of the Analyzed Five Mixtures for Concrete Production Destination: subsection.3.1 Item: Title: Life Cycle Environmental Impacts of the Analyzed Five Mixtures for Concrete Production Destination: subsection.3.2 Item: Title: Discussion Destination: section.4 Children: Item: Title: Environmental Performances of Concrete Mixtures Made of Coarse Natural and Recycled Concrete Aggregates Destination: subsection.4.1 Item: Title: Impacts of Results for Future Policies Destination: subsection.4.2 Item: Title: Circular Economy, Life Cycle Assessment, Natural and Recycled Aggregates Destination: subsection.4.3 Item: Title: Conclusions, Limitations, Policy Implications Destination: section.5 Item: Title: Appendix A Destination: section.A. Item: Title: References Destination: section.B. Info: Title: Life Cycle Assessment of Concrete Production within a Circular Economy Perspective Author: Roberto Cerchione, Francesco Colangelo, Ilenia Farina, Patrizia Ghisellini, Renato Passaro and Sergio Ulgiati Subject: The pursuit of sustainability in the construction and demolition (C&D) sector calls for effective decision-making strategies, both in terms of technical and environmental sustainability, capable of mitigating its huge demand for resources and emissions to the environment. The recycling of C&D waste is one of the potential solutions that could reduce the extraction of virgin materials as well as waste generation and landfilling. This study evaluates and compares, by means of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approach, the production of concrete via five different mixtures made up of coarse natural aggregates (NA, primary, virgin materials), and coarse recycled concrete aggregates (RCA, recovered from previous uses). The present study assesses the environmental load of concrete production, by means of mixtures containing only coarse NA and mixtures with coarse RCA produced in fixed and mobile treatment plants, to be replaced with 30% and 100% of coarse NA by weight. The results point out that the use of coarse RCA in concrete mixtures provide greater energy savings and environmental advantages compared to the concrete with only coarse NA; the improvement increases up to a 100% replacement rate by weight of coarse NA with coarse RCA in the mixtures. In this case, the reduction of the impacts is significant for some impact categories such as freshwater ecotoxicity (-63.4%), marine ecotoxicity (-76.8%), human carcinogenic toxicity (-27.1%), human non-carcinogenic toxicity (-77.9%), land use (11.6%), and water consumption (-17.3%), while the total CED impacts decreases by about 10% and that of GWP by 0.4%. Results are discussed in light of the urgent need for advancing circular economy concepts and practices in the C&D sector and decrease the large use of primary resources (in particular sand and gravel). The replacement of NA with RA by weight could contribute to reducing the impacts of the C&DW management and disposal. For this to happen, further improvement of the quality of recycled aggregates is essential for their market development as well as dedicated policies and legislations. 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