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EASIT. Easy Access for
Social Inclusion Training.

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This is Unit 2. Easy to Understand language.

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Element 2. Legislation, standards and guidelines:

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Introduction to the situation in Spain:

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overview, recommendations, guidelines (part 2).

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My name is Piero Cavallo
and I have prepared this video lecture

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in collaboration with Rocío Bernabé
on behalf of the Internationale Hochschule

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SDI München in Germany.

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In this second part of the video lecture,
we will focus on the national legislation

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of Spain that regulates the equal rights
for persons with disabilities,

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as well as the use of
Easy-to-Understand language.

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We will review the fields of application
of E2U language,

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both in the public sector
and in the private sector.

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For both sectors, we will also review
some of the manuals

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and guidelines published,
along with some of their projects.

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From a national point of view,

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in Spain laws
and decrees have been enacted

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to guarantee access
to culture for everyone.

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In Spanish, a law is called “ley”,
and a decree is called “real decreto”

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and it is not dictated by the king
but by the Government.

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For example, the article 44 of the Spanish
Constitution of 1978 establishes that:

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“The public powers will promote
and protect access to culture,

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to which everyone has the right”.

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Law 51/2003 aims to establish measures
to guarantee and fulfil the right

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to equal opportunities
for people with disabilities.

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The Royal Decree 366/2007
by which are established

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the conditions of accessibility
and non-discrimination

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of persons with disabilities
in their relations with

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the General State Administration.

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In particular, article 13
establishes that the documents

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and forms have to be written

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in a simple and direct language,
without the use of acronyms or abbreviations.

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The most commonly used documents
should have simplified versions

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for people with intellectual disabilities
or problems with written comprehension.

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Generic guidelines are included
in the “Orden PRE/446/2008”.

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The Royal Decree 1494/2007 refers
to the services related

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to the information society
and social communication media.

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The Royal Decree 1544/2007 regulates
the basic conditions of accessibility

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and non-discrimination for access
and use of modes of transport

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for people with disabilities.

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The third additional provision
from the law 10/2007 refers to

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the access to reading, books
and libraries for people with disabilities.

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Lastly, the 2003-2010
Accessibility Plan suggests

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a set of proposals
to address problems in relation

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to accessibility to all types of
environments, products and services.

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One of the first field of application
of E2U language in Spain was the legal

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and public sector.

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The change began in the 1980s following
the awareness of the need

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for a clearer and more accessible
bureaucratic language for all citizens.

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Specialised journals
on administrative language

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have been published since then,

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providing guidelines and models
of documents in Easy-to-Understand style

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for all the co-official languages of Spain.

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In 1990, the Ministry
of Public Administrations

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first published the “Manual
of administrative language style”

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(“Manual de estilo del
lenguaje administrativo”).

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A few years later, the “Manual
of Administrative Documents”

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(“Manual de Documentos Administrativos”)

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and the “Charter of Citizens' Right
before the Justice”

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(“Carta de derechos de los ciudadanos
ante la justicia") were published.

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A Commission for the Modernization
of Legal Language was also created in 2009

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during the Zapatero government.

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The commission drafted a report
with a series of recommendations

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for the improvement of the legal language.

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Other public and private institutions,
such as universities, chambers of commerce,

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town councils and banks started to employ
language experts to draw up, correct

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and translate their documents
according to their style manuals.

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In the wake of the laws
and manuals issued by state institutions,

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various associations have been created
in Spain that deal with E2U language.

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These associations promote Easy-to-Read
and Plain Language and are engaged

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in numerous projects also in collaboration
with public institutions.

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As we will see in a bit,
they have also produced

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several resources and guidelines.

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Associations like: Cooperativa Altavoz,
founded in 2013;

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Plena inclusión, an organization network;

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the Association “Lectura Fàcil”,
first founded in 2003 in Barcelona,

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now with several members in some
of the Autonomous Communities of Spain;

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and the “Instituto Lectura Fácil”,

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are actively involved in the creation
and adaptation of material, guidelines

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and local and national promotion
of E2U language,

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also in collaboration
with Public Administrations.

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Some of the projects concluded
by these associations are:

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Easy-to-Read news portals like
“Noticias Fácil”;

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books portals like
“Léelo Fácil”

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and the Easy-to-Understand adaptation
of classics of Spanish literature

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like “Don Quixote” or “La Celestina”;

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the E2U-adaptation of State
and Public Administration documents,

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such as the Spanish Constitution,

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the “Norma Foral de Transparencia
de Bizkaia”

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(“Regional Transparency Regulation
of Bizkaia”),

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the First Municipal Plan
for Citizens' Participation,

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realized by the City Hall
of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,

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the Election Programs for
the General Elections of April 2019

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and the traffic tickets issued by
the City Hall of Madrid.

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In Spain, there are no official guidelines
regarding the creation

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or adaptation of documents
in E2U language.

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In an initial phase, guidelines in Spain
were directly translated from English,

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without taking into account that the style
of the two languages was, of course, different.

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For example, with the syntactical structure
of the Romance languages

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it is very difficult to form
sentences in just 15 words

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(as the E2U guidelines
for English suggest).

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Because of this, it could be said
that the functional equivalent

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of 15 words in English
is approximately 25 to 30 words

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in the Romance languages.

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Some of the associations listed before,
as well as several experts of the field,

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published guidelines on how to make
language more accessible,

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clear and easy to read.

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Some of them are:

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the “Decálogo sobre el lenguaje claro
para las Administraciones Públicas”

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(“Decalogue on clear language
for Public Administrations”)

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drawn up by Novagob;

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the “Guide to the right of access to
information in the Region of Murcia”,

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and the “Practical guide
to clear communication

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from the Madrid City Council";

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also, the “Guide to Cognitive Accessibility,

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Easy-to-Read and Clear Language
in the Local Public Administration”,

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issued by the Institute Lectura Fácil

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in collaboration with FEMP

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(Spanish Federation of Municipalities
and Provinces);

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and, lastly, the writing methods
for an easy reading

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realized by Óscar García Muñoz
from the association “Dilo Fácil”,

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the one realized for the CESyA

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(Spanish subtitling
and audiodescription center),

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by Lourdes Moreno,
and by Cristina Franco.

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This video lecture has been prepared
by Piero Cavallo

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and Rocío Bernabé Caro

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from the Internationale Hochschule
SDI München in Germany.

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You can reach Rocío Bernabé at

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rocio.bernabe@sdi-muenchen.de

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The project EASIT has received funding
from the European Commission

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under the Erasmus+ Strategic Partnerships
for Higher Education programme,

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grant agreement
2018-1-ES01-KA203-05275.

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The European Commission support
for the production of this publication

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does not constitute an
endorsement of the contents,

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which reflect the views only
of the authors,

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and the Commission cannot
be held responsible for any use 

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which may be made
of the information contained therein.

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This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons

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Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0
International License.

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Partners of the EASIT project:

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Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona.

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Università degli Studi di Trieste.

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Universidade de Vigo.

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Stiftung Universität Hildesheim.

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SDI München.

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Dyslexiförbundet.

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Radiotelevizija Slovenija.

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Zavod RISA.

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EASIT. Easy Access for
Social Inclusion Training.