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This is an ADLAB PRO video.

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ADLAB PRO is a project funded
by the European Union.

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This video is made available
to you

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on a Creative Commons licence.

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Hello. I’m Agnieszka Chmiel
from Adam Mickiewicz University

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in Poznan, Poland.
In this ADLAB PRO video

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I will present
the basic information

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related to language
in audio description.

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This is Unit 7 "Language"
in Module 2 "Screen AD".

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The words in audio description
replace images

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so they should be vivid
and paint a picture

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in the mind of the blind viewer.

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The language used
should also be brief

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and as descriptive as possible
due to time constraints.

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Don't use metalanguage, such as
“we see” or “in front of us”.

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Use specific vocabulary.

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When it comes to nouns,

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it's better to say a “dachshund”
than a “dog”.

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Similarly, a “turtleneck”
will be more telling

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than a more general “sweater”.

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Use specific
and descriptive verbs.

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It's more informative to say
that the character “skips”

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or “marches” instead of “walks”.

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Don't avoid colors
in your description.

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Some blind people who have lost
sight have visual memory of colours.

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Even congenitally blind have
certain associations wi th colours.

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Adverbs should be used sparingly.

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It's better and shorter
to use a specific verb.

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For example: say “grin”
instead of “smile widely”.

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Avoid subjective
and ambiguous adverbs

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that do not describe anything,
such as:

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characteristically
or appropriately.

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Use simple present tense
and short sentences.

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You can vary syntax
to match the scenes.

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Use short sentences and ellipses
for fast action.

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Use longer
and more complex sentences

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for descriptive,
illustrative scenes.

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Similies and metaphors
could be useful

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but they should be used
with caution.

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For example:

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The stage stands on end
and sinks like the Titanic.

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He holds the syringe like a dart
and inserts it in the buttock.

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The lightning hits the water.

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A web of blue zigzags,
illuminating the raging ocean.

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It's easy to imagine, isn't it?

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Remember to organise your descripton
in the appropriate order.

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For instance,
when describing appearance

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you can move from top to bottom:

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wearing a green hat, a pink suit
and dark grey high heels.

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Watch our additional videos

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related to describing
sensitive content

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and various genres such as,
children's films,

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comedies, TV shows
and documentaries.

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If you want to find out more,
I recommend reading

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Remael’s “Audio description
for recorded TV, cinema and DVD.

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An experimental stylesheet
for teaching purposes”

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and ITC Guidance on Standards
for Audio Description.

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I hope you have learned
some interesting things

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about the language of audio
description from this video. Bye!

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The preparation
of this presentation

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was supported by ADLAB PRO.
Audio Description:

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A Laboratory for the Development
of a New Professional Profile

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financed by the European Union
under the Erasmus+ Programme,

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Key Action 2,
Strategic Partnerships.

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Project number:

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2016-1-IT02-KA203-024311.

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The information and views
set out in this presentation

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are those of the authors
and do not necessarily reflect

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the official opinion
of the European Union.

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Neither the European Union
institutions and bodies

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nor any person acting
on their behalf

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may be held responsible
for the use

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which may be made of
the information contained therein.

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This was an ADLAB PRO video.

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ADLAB PRO partners are:
University of Trieste,

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Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona,

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University of Antwerp,
Adam Mickiewicz University,

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RTV Slovenia,
Utopian Voices,

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Soundfocus and Royal National
Institute of Blind People.

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ADLAB PRO was funded
by the European Union.

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This video was made available
to you

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on a Creative Commons licence.