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This is an ADLAB PRO video.

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ADLAB PRO is a project funded
by the European Union.

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This video is made available to you
on a Creative Commons licence.

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This is Chris Taylor
from the University of Trieste

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and in this unit I shall be going
over some general points

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regarding
what we call static arts.

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This is Unit 1 "Static Arts"
in Module 4

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"Semi-live or recorded AD
for static arts and environments".

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Firstly we’ll make a distinction
between two-dimensional art,

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that is paintings,
drawings, frescoes, etc.

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and three-dimensional art which
includes sculpture, architecture,

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modern art
installations and so on.

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Let’s begin by looking at paintings
and other manifestations

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of two-dimensional art.

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You need to know a little
about art and art history

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and at the end we’ll recommend
some reading on this subject.

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For now you need to be able
to recognise basic distinctions

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between, for example,
ancient, Renaissance,

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impressionist
and abstract art.

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These are probably
the four most important periods.

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You need to look
at 2D static art works

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and analyse the images, the colours,
the light effects and so on.

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On top of this
you need to know something

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about the historical context
of the work, the artist’s background

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and what he or she
was attempting to portray.

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In the case of ancient art,
most works are of a religious

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or pseudo-religious nature:
gods, pharaohs, emperors, etc.

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and the actual artists
are often unknown.

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There are however
some very famous artefacts

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displayed in museums and exhibitions
around the world

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which are useful to know.

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They may provide useful reference points

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for describing lesser
known works in local galleries.

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Ancient art works are
often found in the form of mosaics

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like in Ravenna
and Aquileia in Italy,

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Westminster Abbey in London,

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and frescoes to find in churches,
as well as actual paintings.

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It is important to be able
to recognise major works,

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their historical
and geographical provenance,

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and where to find the work now.

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The art produced
in the Renaissance is recognised

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as a great contribution
to European civilization

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starting with works by grand masters
such as Veronese and Botticelli.

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Veronese,
like most Renaissance painters,

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concentrated on religious subjects.

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The paintings served also
as a means of communication

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to the mass of people
who were illiterate

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but needed
to know about religion.

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Botticelli’s most important works,
on the other hand,

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deal with the mythical world
of gods and goddesses.

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Renaissance art, as exemplified
by Veronese, Botticelli,

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Michelangelo, etc. has given us
a great many masterpieces,

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spread around the world
in museums and galleries.

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It is important to know
something of the historical

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and geographical provenance
of these works

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and where they are to be found.

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Of course, the same also applies
to lesser known works

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which may be found
in local institutions.

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Impressionist art, as exemplified
by Monet, Millais, Cézanne, etc.

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has given us also
a great many masterpieces,

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spread around the world
in museums and galleries.

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And also, in this case
it is important to know something

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of the historical and geographical
provenance of these works

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and where they are to be found,
and the same applies

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also to lesser known works which
may be found in local institutions.

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Abstract art, as exemplified
by Picasso, Mondrian, Klee, etc.

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has also given us
a great many masterpieces,

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spread around the world
in museums and galleries.

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Also in this case
it is important to know something

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of the historical and geographical
provenance of these works

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and where they are to be found,
and the same applies also

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to lesser known works which
may be found in local institutions.

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Now we move on
to three-dimensional art.

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Again a basic knowledge
of art history is important

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to distinguish
different periods and styles.

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Ancient sculptures
can be found in many museums,

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made of wood,
of stone, of bronze.

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The ancient Egyptians, Greeks
and Romans carved images

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of pharaohs, of animals,
of gods, of emperors and so on.

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Major and minor works can be found,
some very famous in major museums,

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others unknown to most but abundant
in local institutions everywhere.

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The historical and geographical
provenance of such items

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is important to know,
as well as their current location.

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Again, major and minor
works can be found,

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some very famous in major museums,
others unknown to most

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but abundant
in local institutions everywhere.

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The historical and geographical
provenance of such items

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is important to know,
as well as their current location.

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The same applies
to modern abstract sculpture.

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Important landmarks include
monuments such as Nelson’s column,

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buildings such as the Colosseum,
symbolic constructions

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such as
the Atomium in Brussels, and so on.

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Recognise or research
major landmarks:

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historical background, geographical
location, physical details.

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Recognise or research minor
landmarks or objects of interest

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such as a London letter box: find
out about the historical background,

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geographical location,
and physical details.

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Know or research what major art
galleries and museums contain.

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This will provide a general
overview of the world of static art.

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This knowledge and methodology
will be useful also

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in the case of lesser known works
and lesser known museums.

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So, choose some two-dimensional
and three-dimensional art works

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and landmarks to study and analyse.
This is a useful first stage

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leading to the competences
required to describe art works

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for people with sight loss.

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And this is
the final slide in Unit 1.

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The preparation
of this presentation

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was supported by ADLAB PRO.
Audio Description:

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A Laboratory for the Development
of a New Professional Profile

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financed by the European Union
under the Erasmus+ Programme,

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Key Action 2,
Strategic Partnerships.

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Project number:

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2016-1-IT02-KA203-024311.

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The information and views
set out in this presentation

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are those of the authors
and do not necessarily reflect

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the official opinion
of the European Union.

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Neither the European Union
institutions and bodies

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nor any person acting
on their behalf

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may be held responsible
for the use

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which may be made of
the information contained therein.

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This was an ADLAB PRO video.

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ADLAB PRO partners are:
University of Trieste,

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Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona,

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University of Antwerp,
Adam Mickiewicz University,

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RTV Slovenia,
Utopian Voices,

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Soundfocus and Royal National
Institute of Blind People.

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ADLAB PRO was funded
by the European Union.

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This video was made available to you
on a Creative Commons licence.