Neuroendocrine and immune responses undertake different fates following tryptophan or methionine dietary treatment : tales from a teleost model
Azeredo, Rita (Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental)
Machado, Marina (Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (Porto, Portugal))
Afonso, António (Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (Porto, Portugal))
Fierro Castro, Maria Camino (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, de Fisiologia i d'Immunologia)
Reyes-López, Felipe E. (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, de Fisiologia i d'Immunologia)
Tort Bardolet, Lluís (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Biologia Cel·lular, de Fisiologia i d'Immunologia)
Gesto, Manuel (Universidade de Vigo. Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde)
Conde-Sieira, Marta (Universidade de Vigo. Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde)
Míguez, Jesús Manuel (Universidade de Vigo. Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde)
Soengas, José L. (Universidade de Vigo. Departamento de Bioloxía Funcional e Ciencias da Saúde)
Kreuz, Eva (Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries)
Wuertz, Sven (Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries)
Peres, Helena (Centro Interdisciplinar de Investigação Marinha e Ambiental)
Oliva-Teles, Aires (Universidade do Porto. Departamento de Biologia)
Costas, Benjamín (Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas de Abel Salazar (Porto, Portugal))

Data:	2017
Resum:	Methionine and tryptophan appear to be fundamental in specific cellular pathways involved in the immune response mechanisms, including stimulation of T-regulatory cells by tryptophan metabolites or pro-inflammatory effects upon methionine supplementation. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect of these amino acids on the inflammatory and neuroendocrine responses in juveniles of European seabass, Dicentrarchus labrax. To achieve this, goal fish were fed for 14 days methionine and tryptophan-supplemented diets (MET and TRP, respectively, 2× dietary requirement level) or a control diet meeting the amino acids requirement levels (CTRL). Fish were sampled for immune status assessment and the remaining fish were challenged with intraperitoneally injected inactivated Photobacterium damselae subsp. piscicida and sampled either 4 or 24 h post-injection. Respiratory burst activity, brain monoamines, plasma cortisol, and immune-related gene expression showed distinct and sometimes opposite patterns regarding the effects of dietary amino acids. While neuroendocrine intermediates were not affected by any dietary treatment at the end of the feeding trial, both supplemented diets led to increased levels of plasma cortisol after the inflammatory insult, while brain monoamine content was higher in TRP-fed fish. Peripheral blood respiratory burst was higher in TRP-fed fish injected with the bacteria inoculum but only compared to those fed MET. However, no changes were detected in total antioxidant capacity. Complement factor 3 was upregulated in MET-fed fish but methionine seemed to poorly affect other genes expression patterns. In contrast, fish fed MET showed increased immune cells numbers both before and after immune challenge, suggesting a strong enhancing effect of methionine on immune cells proliferation. Differently, tryptophan effects on inflammatory transcripts suggested an inhibitory mode of action. This, together with a high production of brain monoamine and cortisol levels, suggests that tryptophan might mediate regulatory mechanisms of neuroendocrine and immune systems cooperation. Overall, more studies are needed to ascertain the role of methionine and tryptophan in modulating (stimulate or regulate) fish immune and neuroendocrine responses.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Methionine ; Tryptophan ; Innate immunity ; Inflammation ; Aquaculture ; Functional diets
Publicat a:	Frontiers in immunology, Vol. 8 (Sep. 2017) , art. 1226, ISSN 1664-3224

DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.01226
PMID: 29021795

14 p, 1.1 MB

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