NAD+-Increasing Strategies to Improve Cardiometabolic Health?
Blanco Vaca, Francisco (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Rotllan, Noemi (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Canyelles, Marina (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Mauricio, Didac (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Escolà-Gil, Joan Carles (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Julve i Gil, Josep (Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica Sant Pau)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Data:	2022
Resum:	Depleted nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is a common hallmark of metabolic disorders. Therefore, NAD+-increasing strategies have evolved as a potential therapeutic venue to combat cardiometabolic diseases. Several forms of vitamin B3, i. e. , nicotinamide and nicotinamide mononucleotide, and especially nicotinamide riboside, have attracted most interest as potentially safe and efficacious candidates for NAD+ restoration. Herein, we dissected the characteristics of the latest clinical trials testing the therapeutic potential of different vitamin B3 molecules to improve cardiometabolic health, with a special focus on randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials performed in the context of obesity or other pathologies, mainly linked to cardiovascular system and skeletal muscle functionality. The favorable outcomes via NAD+-increasing strategies found in the different studies were quite heterogeneous. NAD+-increasing interventions improved capacity to exercise, decreased blood pressure, increased the anti-inflammatory profile and insulin-stimulated glucose disposal, and reduced the fat-free mass. Except for the decreased blood pressure, the significant results did not include many hard clinical end points, such as decreases in weight, BMI, fasting glucose, or HbA1c percentage. However, the analyzed trials were short-term interventions. Overall, the accumulated clinical data can be interpreted as moderately promising. Additional and long-term studies will be needed to directly compare the doses and duration of treatments among different vitamin B3 regimes, as well as to define the type of patients, if any, that could benefit from these treatments. In this context, a major point of advancement in delineating future clinical trials would be to identify subjects with a recognized NAD+ deficiency using novel, appropriate biomarkers. Also, confirmation of gender-specific effect of NAD+-increasing treatments would be needed.
Ajuts:	Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI19/00136 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI18/00164 Instituto de Salud Carlos III PI17/00232 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2019-104367RB-100 Agencia Estatal de Investigación RYC-201722879 Instituto de Salud Carlos III CPII18/00004 Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad RED2018-102799-T
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article de revisió ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Vitamin B3 ; Clinical trials ; Obesity ; Diabetes mellitus ; Nicotinamide
Publicat a:	Frontiers in endocrinology, Vol. 12 (january 2022) , ISSN 1664-2392

DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2021.815565
PMID: 35173682

7 p, 287.1 KB

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