Blood and faecal biomarkers to assess dietary energy, protein and amino acid efficiency of utilization by growing and finishing pigs
Camp Montoro, Jordi (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Servei de Nutrició i Benestar Animal)
Solà Oriol, David (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Servei de Nutrició i Benestar Animal)
Muns, Ramon (Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute)
Gasa, Josep (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Servei de Nutrició i Benestar Animal)
Llanes, Núria (Cooperativa d'Ivars d'Urgell SCCL)
Manzanilla, Edgar Garcia (University College Dublin. UCD Veterinary Sciences Centre)

Date:	2022
Abstract:	Diet evaluation and optimization is a slow and expensive process and it is not possible to do it at a farm level. This study aimed to use the blood serum metabolite (BSM) and faecal volatile fatty acid (VFA) profiles as potential biomarkers to identify changes in protein, amino acid and energy dietary content in growing and finishing pig diets at farm level. Two studies were conducted. The first study (S1) included 20 pens of 11 pigs (87. 0 ± 4. 10 kg; 18 weeks old) assigned to 5 diets: control (C1), high or low crude protein (HP1 and LP1, respectively), and high or low net energy (HE1 and LE1, respectively). The second study (S2) included 28 pens of 11 pigs (41. 3 ± 2. 60 kg; 12 weeks old) assigned to 7 diets: control (C2), high or low crude protein (HP2 and LP2, respectively), high or low amino acid (HA2 and LA2, respectively), and high or low net energy (HE2 and LE2, respectively). Pigs were followed for 10 (S1) and 20 (S2) days, and blood and faecal samples were collected at 20 (S1) and 14 (S2) weeks of age. Data were analysed using general linear models and receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Urea nitrogen showed the best results as a biomarker. Urea nitrogen was higher in pigs fed high protein diets, HP1 (13. 6 ± 0. 95 mg/dL) and HP2 (11. 6 ± 0. 61), compared to those fed low protein diets, LP1 (6. 0 ± 0. 95) and LP2 (5. 2 ± 0. 61; P < 0. 001), showing good discrimination ability (Area under the curve (AUC) = 98. 4 and 100%, respectively). These differences were not observed between diets LA2 (6. 5 ± 0. 61) and HA2 (8. 7 ± 0. 61; P > 0. 05; AUC = 71. 9%), which were formulated based on the ideal protein profile but with no excess of protein. Creatinine, triglycerides, branched-chain fatty acids, albumin, propionic acid, and cholesterol showed differences between at least 2 diets but only in one of the studies. Urea nitrogen showed high accuracy to detect excess of crude protein in growing and finishing pig diets. Other biomarkers like BCFA showed promising results and need to be further studied.
Note:	Altres ajuts: Teagasc, 0415
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan aquestes es distribueixin sota la mateixa llicència que regula l'obra original i es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Faeces ; Growth ; Lysine ; Metabolism ; Nutrition ; Requirements ; Swine
Published in:	Porcine health management, Vol. 8 (july 2022) , ISSN 2055-5660

DOI: 10.1186/s40813-022-00273-y
PMID: 35787732

14 p, 1.2 MB

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