Using archaeological data for the understanding of Late-Holocene Sea of Galilee's level fluctuations
Giaime, Matthieu (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals)
Artzy, Michal (University of Haifa. Department of Maritime Civilizations)

Data:	2022
Resum:	In the Jordan Valley, reconstructed changes of the Sea of Galilee level have shown sharp fluctuations of the water elevation during the Holocene. In this paper, we provide new data originating from the excavations of Kursi Beach archaeological site located on the eastern shore of the Sea of Galilee and compare them with other data gathered from the archaeological site of Magdala, located on its western shore. Our data yield to constrain Sea of Galilee level changes between the Iron Age II (10th-9th centuries BCE) and the Crusader period (11th-12th centuries CE), a period of high interest for the archaeological community. We demonstrate that water level was around -212 to -210 m mean sea level (msl) for the Iron Age II period. Lake level rose to -208/-209 m msl during the Late Hellenistic/Early Roman period. Water level remained low (<-213/-214 m msl) from the Byzantine to the Crusader period (from 5th to 12th centuries CE). Our data provide new knowledge for the understanding of variations in the Sea of Galilee level in antiquity. We highlight that water level fluctuations must have been key factors taken into account in the habitation pattern.
Ajuts:	European Commission 891230
Nota:	Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-M
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Climate-change adaptation ; Climate-change impacts ; Environmental impact
Publicat a:	Scientific reports, Vol. 12 (June 2022) , art. 9775, ISSN 2045-2322

DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09768-8
PMID: 35697703

9 p, 3.6 MB

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