Delayed use of bioenergy crops might threaten climate and food security
Xu, Siqing (Fudan University. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering)
Wang, Rong (Fudan University. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering)
Gasser, Thomas (International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (Àustria))
Ciais, Philippe (Université Paris-Saclay. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement)
Peñuelas, Josep (Centre de Recerca Ecològica i d'Aplicacions Forestals)
Balkanski, Yves (Université Paris-Saclay. Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement)
Boucher, Olivier (Institut Pierre-Simon Laplace)
Janssens, Ivan (University of Antwerp. Department of Biology)
Sardans i Galobart, Jordi (Centre de Recerca Ecològica i d'Aplicacions Forestals)
Clark, James H. (Fudan University. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering)
Cao, Junji (Chinese Academy of Sciences. Institute of Atmospheric Physics)
Xing, Xiaofan (Fudan University. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering)
Chen, Jianmin (Fudan University. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering)
Wang, Lin (Fudan University. Department of Environmental Science and Engineering)
Tang, Xu (Chinese Academy of Sciences. Institute of Atmospheric Physics)
Zhang, Renhe (Chinese Academy of Sciences. Institute of Atmospheric Physics)

Data:	2022
Resum:	The potential of mitigation actions to limit global warming within 2 °C (ref. 1) might rely on the abundant supply of biomass for large-scale bioenergy with carbon capture and storage (BECCS) that is assumed to scale up markedly in the future2,3,4,5. However, the detrimental effects of climate change on crop yields may reduce the capacity of BECCS and threaten food security6,7,8, thus creating an unrecognized positive feedback loop on global warming. We quantified the strength of this feedback by implementing the responses of crop yields to increases in growing-season temperature, atmospheric CO2 concentration and intensity of nitrogen (N) fertilization in a compact Earth system model9. Exceeding a threshold of climate change would cause transformative changes in social-ecological systems by jeopardizing climate stability and threatening food security. If global mitigation alongside large-scale BECCS is delayed to 2060 when global warming exceeds about 2. 5 °C, then the yields of agricultural residues for BECCS would be too low to meet the Paris goal of 2 °C by 2200. This risk of failure is amplified by the sustained demand for food, leading to an expansion of cropland or intensification of N fertilization to compensate for climate-induced yield losses. Our findings thereby reinforce the urgency of early mitigation, preferably by 2040, to avoid irreversible climate change and serious food crises unless other negative-emission technologies become available in the near future to compensate for the reduced capacity of BECCS.
Ajuts:	Agencia Estatal de Investigación PID2019-110521GB-I00 Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2020PANDE00117 Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2017/SGR-1005
Nota:	Altres ajuts: Fundación Ramón Areces grant ELEMENTAL-CLIMATE
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Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió acceptada per publicar
Matèria:	Climate-change mitigation ; Environmental impact ; Projection and prediction
Publicat a:	Nature, Vol. 609 (September 2022) , p. 299-306, ISSN 1476-4687

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05055-8

Postprint 41 p, 1.7 MB

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