Assessment of the Water Footprint in Low-Income Urban Neighborhoods from Developing Countries : Case Study Fátima (Gamarra, Colombia)
Parra, Brayan (Universidad Industrial de Santander (Colòmbia))
Soto, Jonathan (Universidad Industrial de Santander (Colòmbia))
Ramos-Santos, Anulfo (Universidad Popular del Cesar)
Sanjuan-Quintero, Keiner Fernando (Universidad Popular del Cesar)
Saldaña Escorcia, Rossember (Universidad Popular del Cesar)
Dominguez Rivera, Isabel Cristina (Universidad Industrial de Santander (Colòmbia))
Sanchez, Antoni (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental)

Date:	2023
Abstract:	The increasing pressure on water resources due to population growth and high water consumption, especially in urban areas from tropical developing countries, has led to a rise in water stress. The sustainability analysis of the Total Water Footprint (WF) and the Environmental Sustainability Index (SI) are holistic water management tools that allow for establishing pressures over water resources. This study assessed the WF and their components (Blue, Green, and Gray) in the households of a low-income tropical neighborhood in Colombia with sanitation deficiencies. The activities associated with intra-household water use and higher environmental impact were identified, considering socioeconomic conditions and the water quality in the receiving water body, a wetland, through the application of surveys in a sample of households. The results showed that 86. 7% of the WF was the WF, followed by the WF (13. 2%), and finally, the WF (0. 2%). The high value of the WF was related to food consumption patterns, which varied according to socioeconomic level. Likewise, the SI shows that the Baquero wetland presented scarcity scenarios regarding water quality and sedimentation, threatening the environmental service provision from this strategic ecosystem. Finally, tools such as the WF and SI help identify strategies that could be implemented to reduce the pressure on the water resources and the water quality degradation in ecosystems relevant to global sustainability as wetlands.
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Developing countries ; Sustainability ; Water footprint ; Wastewater ; Wetlands
Published in:	Sustainability, Vol. 15, Issue 9 (May 2023) , art. 7115, ISSN 2071-1050

DOI: 10.3390/su15097115

21 p, 2.9 MB

The record appears in these collections:
Research literature > UAB research groups literature > Research Centres and Groups (research output) > Engineering > Composting Research Group (GICOM)
Articles > Research articles
Articles > Published articles