The IMPROVE Guidelines (Ischaemia Models : Procedural Refinements Of in Vivo Experiments)
Percie du Sert, Nathalie (National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction of Animals in Research (NC3Rs), London, UK)
Alfieri, Alessio (The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK)
Allan, Stuart M. (Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK)
Carswell, Hilary V. O. (Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences (SIPBS), University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK)
Deuchar, Graeme A. (Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow/Arum Biosciences, Glasgow, UK)
Farr, Tracy D. (School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, UK)
Flecknell, Paul (Comparative Biology Centre, Newcastle University, UK)
Gallagher, Lindsay (Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow/Arum Biosciences, Glasgow, UK)
Gibson, Claire L. (Department of Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK)
Haley, Michael J. (Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK)
Macleod, Malcolm R. (Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences. University of Edinburgh)
McColl, Barry W. (The Roslin Institute and R(D)SVS, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian, UK)
McCabe, Christopher (Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow/Arum Biosciences, Glasgow, UK)
Morancho, Anna (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Institut de Recerca)
Moon, Lawrence D. F. (King's College London. Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases)
O'Neill, Michael J. (Eli Lilly and Co., Windlesham, Surrey, UK)
Pérez de Puig, Isabel (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona)
Planas, Anna Maria (Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques de Barcelona)
Ragan, C. Ian (NC3Rs Board, London, UK)
Rosell Novel, Anna (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Institut de Recerca)
Roy, Lisa A. (Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow/Arum Biosciences, Glasgow, UK)
Ryder, Kathryn O. (Home Office, London, UK)
Simats Oriol, Alba (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Institut de Recerca)
Sena, Emily S. (Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences. University of Edinburgh)
Sutherland, Brad A. (School of Medicine, Faculty of Health, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia)
Tricklebank, Mark D. (King's College London)
Trueman, Rebecca C. (School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham, UK)
Whitfield, Lucy (University of London. Royal Veterinary College (Hatfield, Regne Unit))
Wong, Raymond (Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK)
Macrae, I Mhairi (Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow/Arum Biosciences, Glasgow, UK)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Date:	2017
Abstract:	Most in vivo models of ischaemic stroke target the middle cerebral artery and a spectrum of stroke severities, from mild to substantial, can be achieved. This review describes opportunities to improve the in vivo modelling of ischaemic stroke and animal welfare. It provides a number of recommendations to minimise the level of severity in the most common rodent models of middle cerebral artery occlusion, while sustaining or improving the scientific outcomes. The recommendations cover basic requirements pre-surgery, selecting the most appropriate anaesthetic and analgesic regimen, as well as intraoperative and post-operative care. The aim is to provide support for researchers and animal care staff to refine their procedures and practices, and implement small incremental changes to improve the welfare of the animals used and to answer the scientific question under investigation. All recommendations are recapitulated in a summary poster (see supplementary information).
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article de revisió ; Article ; Versió publicada
Subject:	3Rs ; Animal welfare ; Guidelines ; Middle cerebral artery occlusion ; Stroke
Published in:	Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism, Vol. 37 (august 2017) , p. 3488-3517, ISSN 1559-7016

DOI: 10.1177/0271678X17709185
PMID: 28797196

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