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The Creation of the NHS in Italy (1961-1978)
Vicarelli, Giovanna (Università Politecnica delle Marche. Dipartimento di Scienze Economiche e Sociali)

Date: 2019
Abstract: The Italian health system has changed its welfare model three times over the course of its 160-year existence. From a form of "residual welfare" during the liberal period (1861-1921), it became "meritocratic welfare" during the fascist period (1922-1943) and in the years of the first republic (1945-1977). Finally, in 1978, the "universalistic institutional" model of health protection was approved. For a long time, therefore, the main responsibility for citizens' well-being was attributed to families, to the Catholic Church and its welfare networks, to entrepreneurial paternalism, and to the different health insurance institutions associated with employment sectors. Only with Law 833, which established the National Health Service (NHS), did the State recognise full and direct responsibility for citizens' health. This paper describes the complex path that led to the establishment of the Italian NHS, highlighting the diversity of the actors involved, the multiplicity of their social and health claims, the configuration of the public health service designed in the 1960s, and the political and social conditions that led to the effective enactment of Law 833. On the whole, it was a long, non-linear path with various barriers, where the conditions of implementation were determined by the particularity of the Italian political, economic, and social events that characterised the 1970s.
Rights: Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. Creative Commons
Language: Anglès
Document: Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject: Italy ; Welfare state ; Universalism ; Social and health policies ; National health service ; Trade unions ; Political parties ; Social movements ; Italia ; Estado del bienestar ; Universalismo ; Políticas de salud ; Servicio nacional de salud ; Sindicatos ; Partidos politicos ; Movimientos sociales
Published in: Dynamis : Acta Hispanica ad Medicinae Scientiarumque. Historiam Illustrandam, Vol. 39 Núm. 1 (2019) , p. 21-43 (Dossier) , ISSN 2340-7948

Adreça original: https://raco.cat/index.php/Dynamis/article/view/353627
Adreça alternativa: https://raco.cat/index.php/Dynamis/article/view/353627
DOI: 10.30827/dynamis.v39i1.8665


24 p, 193.6 KB

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Articles > Published articles > Dynamis
Articles > Research articles

 Record created 2019-04-17, last modified 2021-12-11



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