Low-temperature, solution-processed, layered V2 O5 hydrate as the hole-transport layer for stable organic solar cells
Teran Escobar, Gerardo (Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia)
Pampel, Jonas (Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia)
Caicedo Roque, Jose Manuel (Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia)
Lira-Cantu, Monica (Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia)
Date: |
2013 |
Abstract: |
Layered V O hydrate has been applied as the hole transport layer (HTL) in organic solar cells (OSCs). V O is obtained from a sodium metavanadate solution in water under ambient conditions, resulting in a final thin film of formula V O ·0. 5H O. The 0. 5 water molecules are not removed from the V O layered structure unless the sample is heated above 250 °C, which makes the thin film highly stable under real working conditions. The HTL was used in OSCs in the normal and the inverted configurations, applying metallic Ag as the back-metal electrode in both cases. Fabrication of both OSC configurations completely by solution-processing printing methods in air is possible, since the Al electrode needed for the normal-configuration OSC is not required. The work function (WF) and band gap energy (BG) of the V O thin films were assessed by XPS, UPS and optical analyses. Different WF values were observed for V O prepared from a fresh V O -isopropanol (IPA) solution (5. 15 eV) and that prepared from a 24 h-old solution (5. 5 eV). This difference is due to the gradual reduction of vanadium (from V to V ) in IPA. The OSCs made with the V O thin film obtained from the 24 h-old V O -IPA solution required photo-activation, whereas those made with the freshly obtained V O did not. Outdoor stability analyses of sealed OSCs containing a V O HTL in either configuration revealed high stability for both devices: the photovoltaic response at T was retained for more than 1000 h. |
Grants: |
Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad CSD2007-00041
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Rights: |
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Language: |
Anglès |
Document: |
Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada |
Subject: |
Ambient conditions ;
Hole transport layers ;
Layered Structures ;
Organic solar cell ;
Photovoltaic response ;
Sodium metavanadate ;
Solution-processed ;
Solution-processing |
Published in: |
Energy & environmental science, Vol. 6, Issue 10 (October 2013) , p. 3088-3098, ISSN 1754-5706 |
DOI: 10.1039/c3ee42204f
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Record created 2019-06-03, last modified 2022-09-10