Global phylogeny of Treponema pallidum lineages reveals recent expansion and spread of contemporary syphilis
Beale, Mathew A. (Wellcome Sanger Institute. Parasites and Microbes Programme)
Marks, Michael (University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust)
Cole, Michelle Jayne (UK Health Security Agency)
Lee, Min-Kuang (British Columbia Centre for Disease Control)
Pitt, Rachel (UK Health Security Agency)
Ruis, Christopher (University of Cambridge)
Balla, Eszter (National Public Health Centre (Budapest))
Crucitti, Tania (Institute of Tropical Medicine)
Ewens, Michael (Brotherton Wing Clinic)
Fernandez-Naval, Candela (Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR))
Grankvist, Anna (Sahlgrenska University Hospital (Suècia))
Guiver, Malcolm (UK Health Security Agency)
Kenyon, Chris R. (Institute of Tropical Medicine)
Khairullin, Rafil (Kazan Federal University)
Kularatne, Ranmini (National Institute for Communicable Diseases)
Arando, Maider (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Molini, Barbara J. (University of Washington)
Obukhov, Andrey (Ministry of Health of Tuva Republic)
Page, Emma E. (Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust)
Petrovay, Fruzsina (National Public Health Centre (Budapest))
Rietmeijer, Cornelis (University of Colorado)
Rowley, Dominic (Midlands Regional Hospital Portlaoise, Laois)
Shokoples, Sandy (Alberta Precision Laboratories)
Smit, Erasmus (Institute of Environmental Science and Research)
Sweeney, Emma L. (The University of Queensland.)
Taiaroa, George (The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity)
Vera, Jaime H. (University of Sussex)
Wennerås, Christine (University of Gothenburg)
Whiley, David M. (Pathology Queensland Central Laboratory, Brisbane)
Williamson, Deborah A. (The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity)
Hughes, Gwenda (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)
Naidu, Prenilla (Alberta Precision Laboratories)
Unemo, Magnus (Örebro University)
Krajden, Mel (University of British Columbiane)
Lukehart, Sheila A. (University of Washington)
Morshed, Muhammad G. (University of British Columbia)
Fifer, Helen (UK Health Security Agency)
Thomson, Nicholas R. (London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Fecha:	2021
Resumen:	Syphilis, which is caused by the sexually transmitted bacterium Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum, has an estimated 6. 3 million cases worldwide per annum. In the past ten years, the incidence of syphilis has increased by more than 150% in some high-income countries, but the evolution and epidemiology of the epidemic are poorly understood. To characterize the global population structure of T. pallidum, we assembled a geographically and temporally diverse collection of 726 genomes from 626 clinical and 100 laboratory samples collected in 23 countries. We applied phylogenetic analyses and clustering, and found that the global syphilis population comprises just two deeply branching lineages, Nichols and SS14. Both lineages are currently circulating in 12 of the 23 countries sampled. We subdivided T. p. pallidum into 17 distinct sublineages to provide further phylodynamic resolution. Importantly, two Nichols sublineages have expanded clonally across 9 countries contemporaneously with SS14. Moreover, pairwise genome analyses revealed examples of isolates collected within the last 20 years from 14 different countries that had genetically identical core genomes, which might indicate frequent exchange through international transmission. It is striking that most samples collected before 1983 are phylogenetically distinct from more recently isolated sublineages. Using Bayesian temporal analysis, we detected a population bottleneck occurring during the late 1990s, followed by rapid population expansion in the 2000s that was driven by the dominant T. pallidum sublineages circulating today. This expansion may be linked to changing epidemiology, immune evasion or fitness under antimicrobial selection pressure, since many of the contemporary syphilis lineages we have characterized are resistant to macrolides. Global syphilis prevalence has been increasing. Sequencing and analysis of a global collection of 726 Treponema pallidum samples reveal globally circulating lineages linked to a rapid expansion occurring since the end of the twentieth century.
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Lengua:	Anglès
Documento:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Materia:	Bacterial genomics ; Genetic variation ; Phylogeny ; Bacterial infection ; Clinical microbiology
Publicado en:	Nature Microbiology, Vol. 6 (november 2021), p. 1549-1560, ISSN 2058-5276

DOI: 10.1038/s41564-021-01000-z
PMID: 34819643

29 p, 12.3 MB

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