Continuous rise in cephalosporin and fluoroquinolone consumption in Pakistan : a 5 year analysis (2014-18)
Malik, Farrukh (Université de Bordeaux)
Figueras, Albert 1961- (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia)

Fecha:	2019
Resumen:	Pakistan was third on the list of the highest antibiotic-consuming countries among low- and middle-income countries in 2015. Studies have suggested that areas with higher consumption of antibiotics are likely to have higher antibiotic resistance rates. With limited surveillance data on consumption and resistance in Pakistan, this study investigated the 5 year trends (April 2014 to March 2019) in consumption of the two highest-sold antibiotic classes, cephalosporins [Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) group J01D] and fluoroquinolones (ATC group J01MA). IQVIA Pakistan data (retail) on antibiotic sales presented in units were used. These data were standardized and a DDD was assigned to all formulations, based on WHO's ATC/DDD index, and the data expressed as DIDs (DDDs per 1000 inhabitants per day). WHO's AWaRe classification of antimicrobials was used for the analyses, especially of those categorized as 'Watch'. The findings showed a significant increase in consumption trends for 'Watch' cephalosporins (61. 5%) while the use of 'Reserve' cephalosporins doubled during the studied period. In 2018, combined consumption of second- and third-generation cephalosporins (both in the 'Watch' group) was nearly five times higher than that of the first-generation cephalosporins. For fluoroquinolones, the total consumption only showed a major increase for ciprofloxacin, with 127 820 more persons per day. The consumption of cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones in Pakistan increased by 1. 86 DIDs in just 5 years. It is urgent to establish a National Antimicrobial Commission in Pakistan, to critically analyse the pharmaceutical market offerings and implement surveillance systems and antimicrobial stewardship.
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Lengua:	Anglès
Documento:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Publicado en:	JAC-Antimicrobial Resistance, Vol. 1 (november 2019) , ISSN 2632-1823

DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlz063
PMID: 34222937

4 p, 290.6 KB

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