I-European research, the cradle of the discovery of the antidiabetic hormone: the pioneer roles and the relevance of Oskar Minkowski and Eugène Gley
De Leiva Hidalgo, Alberto (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina)
de Leiva-Pérez, Alejandra (Fundación DIABEM)

Fecha:	2022
Resumen:	Aims: The introduction of hormonal treatment in severe diabetes in 1922 represented a clinical and social impact similar to that of antibiotic therapy. In October 1923, the Assembly of the Karolinska Institute decided to award the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine to the Canadian Frederick Grant Banting and the Scottish John James Rickard Macleod, researchers at the University of Toronto (UT), for "the discovery of insulin a year before". A few weeks later, European and American researchers protested the decision. The controversy remains to this day. Methods: We have conducted a comprehensive review of primary and critical sources focused on theorganotherapy of animal and human diabetes mellitus since 1889, when Oskar Minkowski demonstrated the induction of experimental diabetes by total pancreatectomy in the dog, until the spring of 1923, when the Nobel Foundation had already received all the nominations for the award in Physiology or Medicine. Results: The in-depth analysis of all these sources revealed that Europe was the cradle of the discovery of the antidiabetic hormone. The discovery involved multiple research steps headed by a long list of key investigators, mainly European. Conclusion: Marcel Eugène Émile Gley was the frst to demonstrate the presence of the "antidiabetic principle" in extracts from "sclerosed" pancreas. The French physiologist pioneered the successful reduction of glycosuria and diabetic symptoms by the parenteral administration of pancreatic extracts to depancreatized dogs in experiments developed between 1890 and 1905, antedating insulin in two decades.
Nota:	Altres ajuts: acords transformatius de la UAB
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Lengua:	Anglès
Documento:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Materia:	Organotherapy ; Diabetes ; Pancreatectomy ; Pancreatic extracts ; Antidiabetic hormone
Publicado en:	Acta Diabetologica, Vol. 59 (2022) , p. 1635-1651, ISSN 1432-5233

DOI: 10.1007/s00592-022-01976-y
PMID: 36239804

17 p, 4.0 MB

El registro aparece en las colecciones:
Artículos > Artículos de investigación
Artículos > Artículos publicados