Clinical, Immunological and Pathological Characteristics of Ischemic Dermatopathy in Dogs with Leishmaniosis
García Leal, Nuria (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)
Cobos, Àlex (Unitat mixta d'investigació IRTA-UAB en Sanitat Animal. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal)
Solano Gallego, Laia (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)
García, Marina (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)
Ordeix, Laura (Ordeix i Esteve) (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)

Date:	2025
Abstract:	Cutaneous lesions suggestive of vasculitis and/or ischemic dermatopathy (ID) are anecdotally reported in canine leishmaniosis, and the clinicopathological features of these conditions have not been fully characterized. The objective of this case series was to describe six dogs with leishmaniosis and ID. In 5/6 dogs, leishmaniosis was diagnosed at the time of ID diagnosis, whereas in 1/6 dogs, ID developed during the first month of anti-Leishmania conventional treatment. One each of greyhound, Chihuahua, whippet, American bully, hound and mixed breeds were represented, and the median age at presentation was 6 years [2-8]. All patients presented high or very high levels of circulating anti-Leishmania infantum antibodies. The cutaneous lesions were multifocal alopecia with atrophic skin with hyper- or hypopigmentation (6/6), ulcers located on the extremities and trunk (3/6) and onychodystrophy (2/6). Histologically, ID was confirmed by the presence of follicular atrophy (faded follicles) (6/6), perivascular or interstitial lymphoplasmacytic dermatitis or panniculitis (6/6), collagen smudging (3/6), dermal fibrosis (3/6), lymphocytic interface dermatitis (3/6) and ulceration (3/6). Vasculopathy was observed in the superficial and mid-vascular plexuses in 4/6 dogs and characterized by the combination of some of the following lesions: vasocongestion, hemorrhagic foci, mild hyaline mural degeneration, thrombi and fragmented degenerating nuclear debris of neutrophils in the vascular wall. Moreover, myositis was observed in 1/6 cases. Leishmania-specific immunohistochemistry was positive in the skin of 4/6 cases. Leishmaniosis might be considered an underlying cause of ID in dogs. However, the immune mechanisms and pathogenesis need to be elucidated.
Note:	Altres ajuts: European Society for Veterinary Dermatoplogy Research minor grant 2024.
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Canine ; Leishmania infantum ; Diagnosis ; Vasculopathy ; Antibodies
Published in:	Pathogens, Vol. 14 Núm. 3 (march 2025) , p. 246, ISSN 2076-0817

DOI: 10.3390/pathogens14030246
PMID: 40137731

10 p, 10.3 MB

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