| Resumen: |
This paper focuses on the formation and evolution of dual citizenship policies in European countries, examining the underlying economic, social, political, and legal driving factors. It further analyzes how these policies affect the economic and social integration of immigrants. By selecting France, Sweden, Germany, and Austria-four countries representing contrasting policy approaches-as comparative case studies, the research draws on policy documents, statistical data, and academic literature. Employing a qualitative comparative method, it reveals the internal logic and outcomes of institutional development in different national contexts. The findings show that adjustments in dual citizenship policies are driven not only by labor market demands and globalization, but also by national identity, political ideology, and institutional path dependency. The openness or restrictiveness of these policies has a direct impact on immigrants' employment, income, social participation, and cultural identification. The paper concludes with several policy recommendations aimed at finding a balance between promoting integration and safeguarding national interests, while also contributing to policy coordination in the broader context of European integration. |
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