Early developmental, temperamental and educational problems in 'substance use disorder' patients with and without ADHD. Does ADHD make a difference?
Skutle, Arvid (Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway)
Bu, Eli Torild Hellandsjø (Bergen Clinics Foundation, Bergen, Norway)
Jellestad, Finn Konow (Department of Biological and Medical Psychology, University of Bergen, Norway)
van Emmerik-van Oortmerssen, Katelijne (The Netherlands Arkin, Amsterdam, The Netherlands)
Dom, Geert (Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (Anvers, Bèlgica))
Verspreet, Sofie (Collaborative Antwerp Psychiatry Research Institute (Anvers, Bèlgica))
Carpentier, Pieter Jan (Reinier van Arkel groep, 's-Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands)
Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Franck, Johan (Karolinska Institutet (Estocolm, Suècia). Department of Clinical Neuroscience)
Konstenius, Maija (Karolinska Institutet (Estocolm, Suècia). Department of Clinical Neuroscience)
Kaye, Sharlene (National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, UNSW Australia, Sydney, Australia)
Demetrovics, Zsolt (Institute of Psychology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary)
Barta, Csaba (Institute of Medical Chemistry, Molecular Biology and Pathobiochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary)
Fatséas, Melina (Laboratoire de psychiatrie Département d'addictologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France)
Auriacombe, Marc (Laboratoire de psychiatrie Département d'addictologie, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France)
Johnson, Brian (Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA)
Faraone, Stephen V. (Department of Neuroscience and Physiology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA)
Levin, Frances R. (Columbia University/the New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, USA)
Allsop, Steve (National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia)
Carruthers, Susan (National Drug Research Institute/Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Australia)
Schoevers, Robert A. (Dept of Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands)
Koeter, Maarten W. J. (Amsterdam UMC. University Medical Center)
van den Brink, Wim (Amsterdam UMC. University Medical Center)
Moggi, Franz (Bern University Hospital)
Møller, Merete (Sykehuset Østfold, Norway)
van de Glind, Geurt (Trimbos Instituut, ICASA Foundation, The Netherlands)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Data:	2015
Resum:	The prevalence of ADHD among patients with substance use disorder (SUD) is substantial. This study addressed the following research questions: Are early developmental, temperamental and educational problems overrepresented among SUD patients with ADHD compared to SUD patients without ADHD? Do this comorbid group receive early help for their ADHD, and are there signs of self-medicating with illicit central stimulants? An international, multi-centre cross-sectional study was carried out involving seven European countries, with 1205 patients in treatment for SUD. The mean age was 40 years and 27% of the sample was female. All participants were interviewed with the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview Plus and the Conners' Adult ADHD Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV. SUD patients with ADHD (n = 196; 16. 3% of the total sample) had a significantly slower infant development than SUD patients without ADHD (n = 1,009; 83. 4%), had greater problems controlling their temperament, and had lower educational attainment. Only 24 (12%) of the current ADHD positive patients had been diagnosed and treated during childhood and/or adolescence. Finally, SUD patients with ADHD were more likely to have central stimulants or cannabis as their primary substance of abuse, whereas alcohol use was more likely to be the primary substance of abuse in SUD patients without ADHD. The results emphasize the importance of early identification of ADHD and targeted interventions in the health and school system, as well as in the addiction field.
Nota:	Altres ajuts: The ICASA Foundation (www.adhdandsubstanceabuse.org) developed the IASP study, and arranged with its participating institutes that each of these institutes would seek funding for their regional process and data sampling efforts. The ICASA Network sought funding for the central organization costs. These central costs included: - Organizing meetings for the network; - Site visits for training and monitoring (the last author (VdG G) visited all of the institutes at least once, the European institutes were visited twice); - Building a data base fit for remote data storage at the University of Amsterdam; - Obtaining the right for use of the CAADID interview; - Translating the instruments in the necessary languages; - Cleaning the data; - Analysing the study results and coordinating publishing; In the period of development of the study (2005-2010) the ICASA network received unrestricted grants from the following pharmaceutical companies: Janssen Cilag, Eli Lilly and Company, Shire. Since the ICASA Network is a formal foundation (September 2010) it operates independent from pharmaceutical funding. Since then funding was obtained via the following sources: - Participating institutes; - The Noaber Foundation; - The Waterloo Foundation; - The Augeo Foundation.
Nota:	Altres ajuts: MSPC/PND0080-2011
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Substance use disorder ; ADHD ; Developmental ; Temperamental and educational problems
Publicat a:	Addictive Behaviors Reports, Vol. 2 (march 2015) , p. 13-18, ISSN 2352-8532

DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2015.03.001
PMID: 29531989

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