Stewardship of urban ecosystem services : understanding the value(s) of urban gardens in Barcelona
Langemeyer, Johannes (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals)
Camps-Calvet, Marta (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals)
Calvet Mir, Laura (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals)
Barthel, Stephan (Stockholm Resilience Center)
Gómez-Baggethun, Erik (Norwegian University of Life Sciences. Department of International Environment and Development Studies)

Data:	2018
Resum:	The notion and assessment of ecosystem services (ES) values is becoming an established part of the discourse regarding urban green space performance. Yet, underlying factors enabling ES values are still poorly understood. We assume the production of ES value crucial for environmental stewardship in cities, and aimed in this study to uncover their key enabling factors. This study has been developed on a broad data base including a survey (n = 201), interviews (n = 46), field observation and remote sensing from 27 urban gardens in Barcelona, Spain, including municipal 'allotment gardens' and 'civic gardens' emerging from bottom-up initiatives. In a first step, we distinguished different urban gardens types regarding the ES values they provide. In a second step, we tested specific garden characteristics including (a) user profiles, (b) biophysical garden properties, and (c) institutional settings for their specific importance to trigger ES values. Results showed ES values to significantly differ with the types of gardens. For example, classical allotment gardens are more likely to provide recreational values, while emerging civic gardens are more likely to produce place-making and social cohesion. A main finding from our study is the importance of social and institutional garden characteristic as enabling factors of ES values. Results indicate, for example, a correlation between childhood experiences and a higher appreciation of ES. Our results further indicate that civic gardens with broader property rights and decision-capacities are more likely to enhance stewardship action. In providing a differentiated understanding of the ES value(s) of urban gardens, this study highlights the potential for green space planning in cities to steer the stewardship of urban gardens by providing institutional and physical space for civic gardening initiatives.
Ajuts:	European Commission 308428 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PCIN-2016-002
Nota:	Altres ajuts: this research was funded by the FP7-OpenNESS (308428) and Biodiversa-ENABLE (PCIN-2016-002) and through individual grants from the EU-COST Action TU1201 and the Catalan government (FI DGR, 2012FI_B 00578) to JL.
Nota:	Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu MdM-2015-0552
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió acceptada per publicar
Matèria:	Cities ; Social-ecological systems ; Civic ecology ; Green commons ; Green infrastructure ; Nature-based solutions ; Urban regeneration
Publicat a:	Landscape and urban planning, Vol. 170 (Feb. 2018) , p. 79-89, ISSN 0169-2046

DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2017.09.013

Post-print 38 p, 1.2 MB

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