Using integrated wildlife monitoring to prevent future pandemics through one health approach
Barroso, P. (Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos)
Relimpio, D. (Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos)
Zearra, J.A. (Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos)
Cerón, José Joaquín (Universidad de Murcia. Laboratorio Interdisciplinario de Análisis Clínicos Interlab)
Palencia, P. (University of Turin. Department of Veterinary Sciences)
Cardoso, B. (Universidade do Porto. Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos)
Ferreras, E. (Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos)
Escobar, M. (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge)
Caceres, German (Ministerio de Agricultura, Pesca y Alimentación)
López Olvera, Jorge R (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Servei d'Ecopatologia de Fauna Salvatge)
Gortázar, C. (Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos)

Data:	2022
Resum:	In the One Health context, Integrated Wildlife Monitoring (IWM) merges wildlife health monitoring (WHM) and host community monitoring to early detect emerging infections, record changes in disease dynamics, and assess the impact of interventions in complex multi-host and multi-pathogen networks. This study reports the deployment and results obtained from a nationwide IWM pilot test in eleven sites representing the habitat diversity of mainland Spain. In each study site, camera-trap networks and sampling of indicator species for antibody and biomarker analysis were used to generate information. The results allowed identifying differences in biodiversity and host community characteristics among the study sites, with a range of 8 to 19 relevant host species per point. The Eurasian wild boar (Sus scrofa) was the most connected and central species of the host communities, becoming a key target indicator species for IWM. A negative relationship between biodiversity and disease risk was detected, with a lower number and prevalence of circulating pathogens in the sites with more species in the community and larger network size. However, this overall trend was modified by specific host-community and environmental factors, such as the relative index of wild boar - red deer interactions or the proximity to urban habitats, suggesting that human-driven imbalances may favour pathogen circulation. The effort of incorporating wildlife population monitoring into the currently applied WHM programs to achieve effective IWM was also evaluated, allowing to identify population monitoring as the most time-consuming component, which should be improved in the future. This first nationwide application of IWM allowed to detect drivers and hotspots for disease transmission risk among wildlife, domestic animals, and humans, as well as identifying key target indicator species for monitoring. Moreover, anthropogenic effects such as artificially high wildlife densities and urbanisation were identified as risk factors for disease prevalence and interspecific transmission.
Ajuts:	Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad FPU16/00039 Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad FPU19/04651
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Anthropogenic imbalances ; Disease risk ; Host community ; Integrated wildlife monitoring ; One health ; Wildlife health monitoring
Publicat a:	One Health, Vol. 16 (december 2022) , ISSN 2352-7714

DOI: 10.1016/j.onehlt.2022.100479
PMID: 36600947

9 p, 6.1 MB

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