Through the Looking Glass : Technological Characterization of Roman Glasses Mimicking Precious Stones from the Gorga Collection (Museo Nazionale Romano-Palazzo Altemps)
Di Febo, Roberta (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Geologia)
Casas Duocastella, Lluís (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Geologia)
Silvestri, Alberta (Università Degli Studi di Padova. Dipartimento di Geoscienze)
del Campo, Ángel Adolfo (Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio. Departamento de Electrocerámica (CSIC))
Vallcorba Valls, Oriol (ALBA Laboratori de Llum de Sincrotró)
Queralt, Ignasi (Institut d'Avaluació Ambiental i Recerca de l'Aigua. Departament de Geociències)
Oró, Judith (Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona)
Villa Navas, Mario (Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona)
Gàzquez, Jaume (Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona)
Rius, Jordi (Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona)
Giobbe, Chiara (Museo Nazionale Romano)
Bandini, Giovanna (Museo Nazionale Romano)

Data:	2023
Resum:	This paper provides a detailed technological characterization of the Roman opus sectile glasses (second century AD) coming from the renowned Gorga collection. Nine glass samples corresponding to imitations of the porfido verde antico, cipollino rosso, rosso antico, giallo antico, diaspro nero e giallo, semesanto and agate/alabaster stones were studied. The aim of this study was twofold: (i) archaeometric, i. e. , to provide valuable data on the production, raw materials and techniques of these refined Roman glasses that mimic precious stones and (ii) methodological, i. e. , to highlight the good performance of combining polished thin sections and local probe measurements for the study of glassy microstructures. Based on the nature of the flux used, the glasses from the samples were classified as either natron-type or mixed-type (natron/plant ash). The latter stem from remelted glasses and contain relict grains of wollastonite that were not found in the pure natron samples. Relict wollastonite crystals appear to be a proficient petrographic marker to spot recycled glasses along with the commonly used chemical fingerprints. Different production and colouring techniques were identified, even for a given type of imitated stone. Metallic Cu, Ca antimonates and Pb-Fe antimonates were the three opacifiers used for the opaque glasses. Based on the crystal morphologies, metallic Cu and Ca antimoniates were possibly synthesized in situ simultaneously with the glass, whilst the Pb-Fe antimonates were prepared ex situ. The working temperatures for these glasses were estimated within the 900-1100 °C range based on the presence and known thermal stability of some identified crystal phases.
Ajuts:	Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación CEX2018-000794-S Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad MAT2015-67593-P
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Polished thin section ; Wollastonite ; Recycling ; Glass ; Pb-Fe antimonate ; Petrography ; Relict ; Devitrification ; Opus sectile ; Imitation
Publicat a:	Minerals, Vol. 13, Issue 11 (November 2023) , art. 1421, ISSN 2075-163X

DOI: 10.3390/min13111421

33 p, 50.4 MB

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