International veterinary epilepsy task force consensus proposal : diagnostic approach to epilepsy in dogs
De Risio, Luisa (Animal Health Trust (Newmarket, Regne Unit))
Bhatti, Sofie F. M. (Ghent University. Department of Small Animal Medicine and Clinical Biology)
Muñana, Karen (North Carolina State University)
Penderis, Jacques (Broadleys Veterinary Hospital (Stirling, Regne Unit))
Stein, Veronika M. (University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover)
Tipold, Andrea (University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover)
Berendt, Mette (University of Copenhagen)
Farqhuar, Robyn G. (Fernside Veterinary Centre (Borehamwood, Regne Unit))
Fischer, Andrea (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München)
Long, Sam (University of Melbourne)
Mandigers, Paul JJ. (Utrecht University. Department of Clinical Sciences of Companion Animals)
Matiasek, Kaspar (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München)
Packer, Rowena MA. (University of London. Royal Veterinary College (Hatfield, Regne Unit))
Pakozdy, Akos (University of Veterinary Medicine (Viena, Àustria). Clinical Unit of Internal Medicine Small Animals)
Patterson, Edward E. (University of Minnesota. College of Veterinary Medicine)
Platt, Simon (University of Georgia. College of Veterinary Medicine)
Podell, Michael (Chicago Veterinary Neurology and Neurosurgery)
Potschka, Heidrun (Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München)
Pumarola i Batlle, Martí (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)
Rusbridge, Clare (University of Surrey. School of Veterinary Medicine)
Volk, Holger A. (University of London. Royal Veterinary College (Hatfield, Regne Unit))

Date:	2015
Abstract:	This article outlines the consensus proposal on diagnosis of epilepsy in dogs by the International Veterinary Epilepsy Task Force. The aim of this consensus proposal is to improve consistency in the diagnosis of epilepsy in the clinical and research settings. The diagnostic approach to the patient presenting with a history of suspected epileptic seizures incorporates two fundamental steps: to establish if the events the animal is demonstrating truly represent epileptic seizures and if so, to identify their underlying cause. Differentiation of epileptic seizures from other non-epileptic episodic paroxysmal events can be challenging. Criteria that can be used to make this differentiation are presented in detail and discussed. Criteria for the diagnosis of idiopathic epilepsy (IE) are described in a three-tier system. Tier I confidence level for the diagnosis of IE is based on a history of two or more unprovoked epileptic seizures occurring at least 24 h apart, age at epileptic seizure onset of between six months and six years, unremarkable inter-ictal physical and neurological examination, and no significant abnormalities on minimum data base blood tests and urinalysis. Tier II confidence level for the diagnosis of IE is based on the factors listed in tier I and unremarkable fasting and post-prandial bile acids, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain (based on an epilepsy-specific brain MRI protocol) and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis. Tier III confidence level for the diagnosis of IE is based on the factors listed in tier I and II and identification of electroencephalographic abnormalities characteristic for seizure disorders. The authors recommend performing MRI of the brain and routine CSF analysis, after exclusion of reactive seizures, in dogs with age at epileptic seizure onset <6 months or >6 years, inter-ictal neurological abnormalities consistent with intracranial neurolocalisation, status epilepticus or cluster seizure at epileptic seizure onset, or a previous presumptive diagnosis of IE and drug-resistance with a single antiepileptic drug titrated to the highest tolerable dose. This consensus article represents the basis for a more standardised diagnostic approach to the seizure patient. These recommendations will evolve over time with advances in neuroimaging, electroencephalography, and molecular genetics of canine epilepsy.
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Dog ; Seizure ; Epilepsy ; Idiopathic epilepsy ; Diagnosis
Published in:	BMC veterinary research, Vol. 11, Núm. 148 (August 2015) , p. 1-11, ISSN 1746-6148

DOI: 10.1186/s12917-015-0462-1
PMID: 26316175

11 p, 621.1 KB

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