MDMA-induced indifference to negative sounds is mediated by the 5-HT receptor
Kuypers, Kim P. C (Maastricht University. Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology)
De La Torre, Rafael (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Farre, Magi (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia)
Pizarro, N. (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Farmacologia, de Terapèutica i de Toxicologia)
Xicota, Laura (Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques)
Ramaekers, Johannes G (Maastricht, the Netherlands)

Data:	2017
Resum:	MDMA has been shown to induce feelings of sociability, a positive emotional bias and enhanced empathy. While previous research has used only visual emotional stimuli, communication entails more than that single dimension and it is known that auditory information is also crucial in this process. In addition, it is, however, unclear what the neurobiological mechanism underlying these MDMA effects on social behaviour is. Previously, studies have shown that MDMA-induced emotional excitability and positive mood are linked to the action on the serotonin (5-HT) 2A receptor. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of MDMA on processing of sounds (Processing of Affective Sounds Task (PAST)) and cognitive biases (Approach-Avoidance Task (AAT)) towards emotional and social stimuli and the role of 5-HT receptor in these effects. Twenty healthy recreational users entered a 2 × 2, placebo-controlled, within-subject study with ketanserin (40 mg) as pre-treatment and MDMA (75 mg) as treatment. Behavioural (PAST, AAT) measures were conducted 90 min after treatment with MDMA, respectively, 120 min after ketanserin. Self-report mood measures and oxytocin concentrations were taken at baseline and before and after behavioural tests. Findings showed that MDMA reduced arousal elicited by negative sounds. This effect was counteracted by ketanserin pre-treatment, indicating involvement of the 5-HT receptor in this process. MDMA did not seem to induce a bias towards emotional and social stimuli. It increased positive and negative mood ratings and elevated oxytocin plasma concentrations. The reduction in arousal levels when listening to negative sounds was not related to the elevated subjective arousal. It is suggested that this decrease in arousal to negative stimuli reflects potentially a lowering of defences, a process that might play a role in the therapeutic process.
Ajuts:	Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2014SGR 680
Nota:	Altres ajuts: This research was funded by the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), Grant Number: 400-07-2013, awarded to JR and KK.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	MDMA ; 5-HT receptor ; Ketanserin ; Sound processing ; Cognitive bias ; Oxytocin ; Arousal
Publicat a:	Psychopharmacology, Vol. 235 (july 2017) , p. 481-490, ISSN 1432-2072

DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4699-1
PMID: 28735368

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