Experimental and Clinical Treatment of Chagas Disease : A Review
Sales Junior, Policarpo Ademar (Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil)
Molina Romero, Israel (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Fonseca Murta, Silvane Maria (Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, FIOCRUZ, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil)
Sánchez-Montalvá, Adrián (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Salvador, Fernando (Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron)
Correa-Oliveira, Rodrigo (Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil)
Carneiro, Cláudia Martins (Laboratório de Imunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisas em Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto, Ouro Preto, Minas Gerais, Brazil)
Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Fecha:	2017
Resumen:	Chagas disease (CD) is caused by the protozoan parasite Trypanosoma cruzi that infects a broad range of triatomines and mammalian species, including man. It afflicts 8 million people in Latin America, and its incidence is increasing in nonendemic countries owing to rising international immigration and nonvectorial transmission routes such as blood donation. Since the 1960s, the only drugs available for the clinical treatment of this infection have been benznidazole (BZ) and nifurtimox (NFX). Treatment with these trypanocidal drugs is recommended in both the acute and chronic phases of CD. These drugs have low cure rates mainly during the chronic phase, in addition both drugs present side effects that may result in the interruption of the treatment. Thus, more efficient and better-tolerated new drugs or pharmaceutical formulations containing BZ or NFX are urgently needed. Here, we review the drugs currently used for CD chemotherapy, ongoing clinical assays, and most-promising new experimental drugs. In addition, the mechanism of action of the commercially available drugs, NFX and BZ, the biodistribution of the latter, and the potential for novel formulations of BZ based on nanotechnology are discussed. Taken together, the literature emphasizes the urgent need for new therapies for acute and chronic CD.
Nota:	Altres ajuts: This study was supported by the European Comission under the Health Innovation Work Program of the 7th Framework Program and by CAPES/Brasil, Programa Ciencia Sem Fronteiras and Professor ˆ Visitante Nacional Senior. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The authors have no conflict of interests.
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Lengua:	Anglès
Documento:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Publicado en:	The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, Vol. 97 (october 2017) , p. 1289-1303, ISSN 1476-1645

DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0761
PMID: 29016289

15 p, 450.0 KB

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