Inflammatory markers in uterine lavage fluids of pregnant, non-pregnant, and intrauterine device implanted mares on days 10 and 15 post ovulation
Rivera del Álamo, Maria Montserrat (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)
Reilas, Tiina (Natural Resources Institute Finland)
Lukasik, Karolina (Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research)
Galvão, Antonio (The Babraham Institute. Epigenetics Programme)
Yeste Oliveras, Marc (Universitat de Girona. Departament de Biologia)
Katila, Terttu (University of Helsinki. Department of Production Animal Medicine)

Data:	2021
Resum:	Intrauterine devices (IUDs) are used in mares to suppress oestrous behaviour, but the underlying mechanism is yet to be elucidated. The presence of an embryo or an IUD prevents cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and, subsequently, prostaglandin (PG) release and luteolysis. However, inflammation may also be involved. Endometrial inflammatory markers in uterine lavage fluid were measured on Day 10 (EXP 1, n = 25) and Day 15 (EXP 2, n = 27) after ovulation in inseminated mares, non-pregnant or pregnant, and in mares in which a small plastic sphere had been inserted into the uterus 4 (EXP 1) or 3 days (EXP 2) after ovulation. Uterine lavage fluid samples were analysed for nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E (PGE) (only Exp. 1), prostaglandin F (PGF), inhibin A and cytokines, and blood samples for progesterone and oestradiol. On Day 10, the concentration of PGF was lower (p < 0. 05) in the IUD group than in pregnant mares. The concentration of the modulatory cytokine IL-10 was significantly higher in the IUD group in comparison to non-pregnant mares, and inhibin A was significantly higher in IUD mares than in the pregnant counterparts on Day 15. The results suggest that the presence of IUD causes endometrial inflammation which is at a resolution stage on Day 15.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Intrauterine device ; Inflammation ; Prostaglandins ; Cytokines ; IL-10 ; Inhibin A
Publicat a:	Animals, Vol. 11 Núm. 12 (december 2021) , p. 3493, ISSN 2076-2615

Adreça alternativa: https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/11/12/3493
DOI: 10.3390/ani11123493
PMID: 34944269

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