Genetic population structure defines wild boar as an urban exploiter species in Barcelona, Spain
Hagemann, J. (University of Potsdam. Institute for Biochemistry and Biology)
Conejero Fuentes, Carles (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)
Stillfried, M. (Leibniz-Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research)
Mentaberre García, Gregorio (Universitat de Lleida. Departament de Ciència Animal)
Castillo Contreras, Raquel (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)
Fickel, J. (University of Potsdam. Institute for Biochemistry and Biology)
López Olvera, Jorge R. (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals)

Data:	2022
Resum:	Urban wildlife ecology is gaining relevance as metropolitan areas grow throughout the world, reducing natural habitats and creating new ecological niches. However, knowledge is still scarce about the colonisation processes of such urban niches, the establishment of new communities, populations and/or species, and the related changes in behaviour and life histories of urban wildlife. Wild boar (Sus scrofa) has successfully colonised urban niches throughout Europe. The aim of this study is to unveil the processes driving the establishment and maintenance of an urban wild boar population by analysing its genetic structure. A set of 19 microsatellite loci was used to test whether urban wild boars in Barcelona, Spain, are an isolated population or if gene flow prevents genetic differentiation between rural and urban wild boars. This knowledge will contribute to the understanding of the effects of synurbisation and the associated management measures on the genetic change of large mammals in urban ecosystems. Despite the unidirectional gene flow from rural to urban areas, the urban wild boars in Barcelona form an island population genotypically differentiated from the surrounding rural ones. The comparison with previous genetic studies of urban wild boar populations suggests that forest patches act as suitable islands for wild boar genetic differentiation. Previous results and the genetic structure of the urban wild boar population in Barcelona classify wild boar as an urban exploiter species. These wild boar peri-urban island populations are responsible for conflict with humans and thus should be managed by reducing the attractiveness of urban areas. The management of peri-urban wild boar populations should aim at reducing migration into urban areas and preventing phenotypic changes (either genetic or plastic) causing habituation of wild boars to humans and urban environments.
Ajuts:	European Research Council 2016FI_B 00425 European Research Council 2017FI_B1 00040 European Research Council 2018FI_B2_00030 Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación PID2020-115046GB-I00
Nota:	Altres ajuts: acords transformatius de la UAB
Nota:	Altres ajuts: Ajuntament de Barcelona/16/0243-00-PR/01 i PID2020-115046GB-I00 Ecología
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Publicat a:	Science of the total environment, Vol. 833 (october 2022) , p. 155126, ISSN 1879-1026

DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155126

10 p, 2.6 MB

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