Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus impacts on gut microbiome in a strain virulence-dependent fashion
Arguello, Héctor (Universidad de León)
Rodríguez-Gómez, Irene Magdalena (Universidad de Córdoba)
Sánchez-Carvajal, Jose María (Universidad de Córdoba)
Pallarés Martínez, Francisco José (Universidad de Murcia)
Díaz, Ivan (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal)
Cabrera-Rubio, Raúl (APC Microbiome Ireland)
Crispie, Fiona (APC Microbiome Ireland)
Cotter, Paul D. (Vistamilk)
Mateu de Antonio, Enrique María (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal)
Martín-Valls, Gerard (Institut de Recerca i Tecnologia Agroalimentàries. Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal)
Carrasco, Librado (Universidad de Córdoba)
Gómez-Laguna, Jaime (Universidad de Córdoba)

Data:	2021
Resum:	Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) is a viral disease defined by reproductive problems, respiratory distress and a negative impact on growth rate and general condition. Virulent PRRS virus (PRRSV) strains have emerged in the last years with evident knowledge gaps in their impact on the host immune response. Thus, the present study examines the impact of acute PRRS virus (PRRSV) infection, with two strains of different virulence, on selected immune parameters and on the gut microbiota composition of infected pigs using 16S rRNA compositional sequencing. Pigs were infected with a low virulent (PRRS_3249) or a virulent (Lena) PRRSV-1 strain and euthanized at 1, 3, 6, 8 or 13 days post-inoculation (dpi). Faeces were collected from each animal at the necropsy time-point. Alpha and beta diversity analyses demonstrated that infection, particularly with the Lena strain, impacted the microbiome composition from 6 dpi onwards. Taxonomic differences revealed that infected pigs had higher abundance of Treponema and Methanobrevibacter (FDR < 0. 05). Differences were more considerable for Lena- than for PRRS_3249-infected pigs, showing the impact of strain virulence in the intestinal changes. Lena-infected pigs had reduced abundancies of anaerobic commensals such as Roseburia, Anaerostipes, Butyricicoccus and Prevotella (P < 0. 05). The depletion of these desirable commensals was significantly correlated to infection severity measured by viraemia, clinical signs, lung lesions and immune parameters (IL-6, IFN-γ and Hp serum levels). Altogether, the results from this study demonstrate the indirect impact of PRRSV infection on gut microbiome composition in a strain virulence-dependent fashion and its association with selected immune markers. PRRSV, a porcine respiratory pathogen, indirectly impacts on gut microbiome composition in a strain virulence dependent fashion in association with selected immune markers.
Ajuts:	Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad RYC-2014-16735 Ministerio de Educación BEAGAL-18-106 Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia AGL2016-76111-R European Commission. Horizon 2020 818368
Nota:	Altres ajuts: Science Foundation Ireland SFI/12/RC/2273 i Vistamilk SFI/16/RC/3835
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Publicat a:	Microbial biotechnology, Vol. 15 (march 2021) , p. 1007-1016, ISSN 1751-7915

DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.13757
PMID: 33656781

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