A variational autoencoder solution for road traffic forecasting systems : missing data imputation, dimension reduction, model selection and anomaly detection
Boquet, Guillem (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Telecomunicació i Enginyeria de Sistemes)
Morell Pérez, Antoni (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Telecomunicació i Enginyeria de Sistemes)
Serrano García, Javier 1964- (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Telecomunicació i Enginyeria de Sistemes)
López Vicario, José (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Telecomunicació i Enginyeria de Sistemes)

Date:	2020
Abstract:	Efforts devoted to mitigate the effects of road traffic congestion have been conducted since 1970s. Nowadays, there is a need for prominent solutions capable of mining information from messy and multidimensional road traffic data sets with few modeling constraints. In that sense, we propose a unique and versatile model to address different major challenges of traffic forecasting in an unsupervised manner. We formulate the road traffic forecasting problem as a latent variable model, assuming that traffic data is not generated randomly but from a latent space with fewer dimensions containing the underlying characteristics of traffic. We solve the problem by proposing a variational autoencoder (VAE) model to learn how traffic data are generated and inferred, while validating it against three different real-world traffic data sets. Under this framework, we propose an online unsupervised imputation method for unobserved traffic data with missing values. Additionally, taking advantage of the low dimension latent space learned, we compress the traffic data before applying a prediction model obtaining improvements in the forecasting accuracy. Finally, given that the model not only learns useful forecasting features but also meaningful characteristics, we explore the latent space as a tool for model and data selection and traffic anomaly detection from the point of view of traffic modelers.
Grants:	Agencia Estatal de Investigación TEC2017-84321-C4-4-R Agència de Gestió d'Ajuts Universitaris i de Recerca 2017/SGR-1670
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió sotmesa a revisió
Subject:	Anomaly detection ; Dimension reduction ; Intelligent transportation systems ; Missing data imputation ; Model selection ; Traffic forecasting ; SDG 9 - Industry, Innovation, and Infrastructure
Published in:	Transportation Research Part C: Emerging Technologies, Vol. 115 (June 2020) , art. 102622, ISSN 0968-090X

DOI: 10.1016/j.trc.2020.102622

Preprint 22 p, 9.0 MB

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