The global human day
Fajzel, William (McGill University. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences)
Galbraith, Eric (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Institut de Ciència i Tecnologia Ambientals)
Barrington-Leigh, Christopher (McGill University. Institute for Health and Social Policy)
Charmes, Jacques (Université Paris Diderot. Institute of Research for Development)
Frie, Elena (McGill University. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences)
Hatton, Ian (McGill University. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences)
Le Mézo, Priscilla K (Institut Pierre Simon Laplace)
Milo, Ron (Weizmann Institute of Science. Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences (Israel))
Minor, Kelton (Columbia University. Data Science Institute)
Wan, Xinbei (McGill University. Department of Epidemiology)
Xia, Veronica (McGill University. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences)
Xu, Shirley (McGill University. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences)

Data:	2023
Resum:	The daily activities of ≈8 billion people occupy exactly 24 h per day, placing a strict physical limit on what changes can be achieved in the world. These activities form the basis of human behavior, and because of the global integration of societies and economies, many of these activities interact across national borders. Yet, there is no comprehensive overview of how the finite resource of time is allocated at the global scale. Here, we estimate how all humans spend their time using a generalized, physical outcome-based categorization that facilitates the integration of data from hundreds of diverse datasets. Our compilation shows that most waking hours are spent on activities intended to achieve direct outcomes for human minds and bodies (9. 4 h/d), while 3. 4 h/d are spent modifying our inhabited environments and the world beyond. The remaining 2. 1 h/d are devoted to organizing social processes and transportation. We distinguish activities that vary strongly with GDP per capita, including the time allocatedto food provision and infrastructure, vs. those that do not vary consistently, such as meals and transportation time. Globally, the time spent directly extracting materials and energy from the Earth system is small, on the order of 5 min per average human day, while the time directly dealing with waste is on the order of 1 min per day, suggesting a large potential scope to modify the allocation of time to these activities. Our results provide a baseline quantification of the temporal composition of global human life that can be expanded and applied to multiple fields of research.
Nota:	Unidad de excelencia María de Maeztu CEX2019-000940-M
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Economics ; Global ; Sociology ; Sustainability ; Time use
Publicat a:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 120, Issue 25 (June 2023) , art. e2219564120, ISSN 1091-6490

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2219564120
PMID: 37307470

9 p, 752.8 KB

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