Graphene oxide elicits microbiome-dependent type 2 immune responses via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor
Peng, Guotao (Karolinska Institutet (Estocolm, Suècia))
Sinkko, Hanna M. (University of Helsinki. Human Microbiome Research Program (HUMI))
Alenius, Harri (University of Helsinki. Human Microbiome Research Program (HUMI))
Lozano, Neus (Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia)
Kostarelos, Kostas (Institut Català de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia)
Bräutigam, Lars (Karolinska Institutet (Estocolm, Suècia))
Fadeel, Bengt (Karolinska Institutet (Estocolm, Suècia))

Date:	2023
Abstract:	The gut microbiome produces metabolites that interact with the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), a key regulator of immune homoeostasis in the gut ,. Here we show that oral exposure to graphene oxide (GO) modulates the composition of the gut microbiome in adult zebrafish, with significant differences in wild-type versus ahr2 -deficient animals. Furthermore, GO was found to elicit AhR-dependent induction of cyp1a and homing of lck + cells to the gut in germ-free zebrafish larvae when combined with the short-chain fatty acid butyrate. To obtain further insights into the immune responses to GO, we used single-cell RNA sequencing to profile cells from whole germ-free embryos as well as cells enriched for lck. These studies provided evidence for the existence of innate lymphoid cell (ILC)-like cells in germ-free zebrafish. Moreover, GO endowed with a 'corona' of microbial butyrate triggered the induction of ILC2-like cells with attributes of regulatory cells. Taken together, this study shows that a nanomaterial can influence the crosstalk between the microbiome and immune system in an AhR-dependent manner. Although the toxicity of graphene-based nanomaterials on human health has been extensively studied, their impact on the microbiome remains poorly understood. Using zebrafish as a model, we show that graphene oxide modulates the immune system in a microbiome-dependent manner through a mechanism mediated by the aryl hydrocarbon receptor. The study suggests an interplay among graphene-based nanomaterials, microbiome and innate immune system.
Grants:	European Commission 785219 European Commission 881603
Rights:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Language:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Subject:	Nanoscience and technology ; Microbiology ; Nanobiotechnology
Published in:	Nature Nanotechnology, Vol. 18 (2023) , p. 42-48, ISSN 1748-3395

DOI: 10.1038/s41565-022-01260-8
PMID: 36509925

16 p, 4.1 MB

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Research literature > UAB research groups literature > Research Centres and Groups (research output) > Experimental sciences > Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
Articles > Research articles
Articles > Published articles