Out-of-Field Doses Produced by a Proton Scanning Beam Inside Pediatric Anthropomorphic Phantoms and Their Comparison With Different Photon Modalities
Knežević, Ž. (Ruđer Bošković Institute)
Stolarczyk, L. (Institute of Nuclear Physics)
Ambrožová, I. (Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences)
Caballero Pacheco, Miguel Ángel (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)
Davídková, M. (Nuclear Physics Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences)
De Saint-Hubert, M. (Belgium Nuclear Research Centre)
Domingo, Carles (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)
Jeleń, K. (Cracow University of Technology)
Kopeć, R. (Institute of Nuclear Physics)
Krzempek, D. (Institute of Nuclear Physics)
Majer, M. (Ruđer Bošković Institute)
Miljanić, S. (Ruđer Bošković Institute)
Mojżeszek, N. (Institute of Nuclear Physics)
Romero-Expósito, M. (Skandion Clinic)
Martínez-Rovira, Immaculada (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)
Harrison, R.M. (University of Newcastle upon Tyne)
Olko, P. (Institute of Nuclear Physics)

Data:	2022
Resum:	Since 2010, EURADOS Working Group 9 (Radiation Dosimetry in Radiotherapy) has been involved in the investigation of secondary and scattered radiation doses in X-ray and proton therapy, especially in the case of pediatric patients. The main goal of this paper is to analyze and compare out-of-field neutron and non-neutron organ doses inside 5- and 10-year-old pediatric anthropomorphic phantoms for the treatment of a 5-cm-diameter brain tumor. Proton irradiations were carried out at the Cyclotron Centre Bronowice in IFJ PAN Krakow Poland using a pencil beam scanning technique (PBS) at a gantry with a dedicated scanning nozzle (IBA Proton Therapy System, Proteus 235). Thermoluminescent and radiophotoluminescent dosimeters were used for non-neutron dose measurements while secondary neutrons were measured with track-etched detectors. Out-of-field doses measured using intensity-modulated proton therapy (IMPT) were compared with previous measurements performed within a WG9 for three different photon radiotherapy techniques: 1) intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT), 2) three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D CDRT) performed on a Varian Clinac 2300 linear accelerator (LINAC) in the Centre of Oncology, Krakow, Poland, and 3) Gamma Knife surgery performed on the Leksell Gamma Knife (GK) at the University Hospital Centre Zagreb, Croatia. Phantoms and detectors used in experiments as well as the target location were the same for both photon and proton modalities. The total organ dose equivalent expressed as the sum of neutron and non-neutron components in IMPT was found to be significantly lower (two to three orders of magnitude) in comparison with the different photon radiotherapy techniques for the same delivered tumor dose. For IMPT, neutron doses are lower than non-neutron doses close to the target but become larger than non-neutron doses further away from the target. Results of WG9 studies have provided out-of-field dose levels required for an extensive set of radiotherapy techniques, including proton therapy, and involving a complete description of organ doses of pediatric patients. Such studies are needed for validating mathematical models and Monte Carlo simulation tools for out-of-field dosimetry which is essential for dedicated epidemiological studies which evaluate the risk of second cancers and other late effects for pediatric patients treated with radiotherapy.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, la comunicació pública de l'obra i la creació d'obres derivades, fins i tot amb finalitats comercials, sempre i quan es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Matèria:	Anthropomorphic phantoms ; Brain tumor irradiations ; Out-of-field doses ; RPL detectors ; Scanning proton therapy ; TL detectors ; Track detectors
Publicat a:	Frontiers in Oncology, Vol. 12 (22 2022) , p. 904563, ISSN 2234-943X

DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.904563
PMID: 35957900

14 p, 7.0 MB

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