Observation of others' threat reactions recovers memories previously shaped by firsthand experiences
Haaker, Jan (University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf. Department of Clinical Neuroscience)
Diaz-Mataix, Lorenzo (New York University)
Guillazo i Blanch, Gemma (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Departament de Psicobiologia i de Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut)
Stark, Sara A. (New York University)
Kern, Lea (Karolinska Institutet (Estocolm, Suècia). Department of Clinical Neuroscience)
LeDoux, Joseph E. (New York University)
Olsson, Andreas (Karolinska Institutet (Estocolm, Suècia). Department of Clinical Neuroscience)

Fecha:	2021
Descripción:	8 pàg.
Resumen:	Information about dangers can spread effectively by observation of others' threat responses. Yet, it is unclear if such observational threat information interacts with associative memories that are shaped by the individual's direct, firsthand experiences. Here, we show in humans and rats that the mere observation of a conspecific's threat reactions reinstates previously learned and extinguished threat responses in the observer. In two experiments, human participants displayed elevated physiological responses to threat-conditioned cues after observational reinstatement in a context-specific manner. The elevation of physiological responses (arousal) was further specific to the context that was observed as dangerous. An analogous experiment in rats provided converging results by demonstrating reinstatement of defensive behavior after observing another rat's threat reactions. Taken together, our findings provide cross-species evidence that observation of others' threat reactions can recover associations previously shaped by direct, firsthand aversive experiences. Our study offers a perspective on how retrieval of threat memories draws from associative mechanisms that might underlie both observations of others' and firsthand experiences.
Ayudas:	Agencia Estatal de Investigación PSI2017-84290-R European Commission 284366
Nota:	Altres ajuts: This project was supported by German Research Foundation Research Grant HA 7470/1-1 (to J.H.) and German-Israeli Foundation for Scientific Research and Development Young Investigator Grant 2528 (to J.H.). G.G.-B. was supported by Ministry of Education of Spain Grant PRX17/00284. A.O. was supported by Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation Grant KAW 2014.0237, and Swedish Research Foundation Consolidator Grant 2018-00877 (Vetenskapsrådet).
Derechos:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Lengua:	Anglès
Documento:	Article ; recerca ; Versió publicada
Materia:	Reinstatement ; Vicarious learning ; Social learning ; Threat conditioning
Publicado en:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 118 Núm. 30 (27 2021) , e2101290118, ISSN 1091-6490

DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2101290118
PMID: 34301895

8 p, 1.1 MB

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