Regulatory options for integrating zero-knowledge proofs into the European Digital Identity Wallet
Ramos Fernández, Raül (Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona)

Data:	2024
Resum:	On 30 April, Regulation (EU) 2024/1183 amending Regulation (EU) 910/2014 as regards establishing the European Digital Identity Framework, known as eIDAS 2. 0, was published in the Official Journal of the European Union. This amendment introduces zero-knowledge proof (ZKP) privacy-enhancing technologies to support two key innovations: the European Digital Identity Wallet (EUDIW) and the electronic attestations of attributes ((Q)EAA). In parallel, the European Digital Identity Wallet Architecture and Reference Framework (EUDIW ARF) provide a common set of standards and best practices for the technical implementation of eIDAS 2. 0. This paper analyses how the EUDIW can rely on ZKPs since neither the eIDAS 2. 0 Regulation nor the EUDIW ARF does so. We propose a software product regime for the cryptographic derivation of data in a ZKP format through three mutually compatible regulatory options: zero-knowledge issuance by default through the EUDIW, through a software product extension of the EUDIW, or a private standalone wallet. These schemes provide the legal basis for the secure use of ZKPs, ensure effective compliance with the GDPR, and contribute to the debate on the value that electronic ledgers introduced by eIDAS 2. 0 bring to digital identity.
Drets:	Aquest document està subjecte a una llicència d'ús Creative Commons. Es permet la reproducció total o parcial, la distribució, i la comunicació pública de l'obra, sempre que no sigui amb finalitats comercials, i sempre que es reconegui l'autoria de l'obra original. No es permet la creació d'obres derivades.
Llengua:	Anglès
Document:	Article ; recerca ; Versió acceptada per publicar
Matèria:	Eidas 2.0 ; ZKP ; European Digital Identity Wallet ; Electronic attestations of attributes ; Data protection ; Electronic ledgers
Publicat a:	International review of law computers & technology, 2024, p. 1-24, ISSN 1360-0869

DOI: 10.1080/13600869.2024.2398915

Disponible a partir de: 2026-03-01

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